<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[Architecture Notes — System Design &  Software Development]]></title><description><![CDATA[In your inbox every Sunday! ⚡️]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Yyd0!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F649a8bc0-3d23-4a77-a9ee-da7c79a71e77_347x347.png</url><title>Architecture Notes — System Design &amp;  Software Development</title><link>https://architecturenotes.co</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Wed, 08 Apr 2026 22:37:32 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://architecturenotes.co/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[arcnotes@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[arcnotes@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[arcnotes@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[arcnotes@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #106: Arrowhead]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, Amazon tightened review after a nearly six-hour retail outage and a 13-hour AWS incident tied to AI-written code, while Stripe's 11-task benchmark showed Claude Opus 4.5 hitting 92% on task]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-106-arrowhead</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-106-arrowhead</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 15 Mar 2026 17:52:15 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png" width="1456" height="897" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This week, Amazon tightened review after a nearly six-hour retail outage and a 13-hour AWS incident tied to AI-written code, while Stripe&#8217;s 11-task benchmark showed Claude Opus 4.5 hitting 92% on full-stack integrations. Plus, Bassim Eledath mapped 8 levels of agentic engineering, Manuel Schipper ran 4-8 coding agents with tmux, and Agent Safehouse brought deny-first sandboxing to macOS.</p><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><p></p><p><strong><a href="https://arstechnica.com/ai/2026/03/after-outages-amazon-to-make-senior-engineers-sign-off-on-ai-assisted-changes/">Amazon Tightens Review of AI-Written Code After Retail and AWS Outages</a></strong></p><p>Amazon told engineers it has seen a recent trend of high-blast-radius incidents involving Gen-AI assisted changes, and junior and mid-level staff will now need senior sign-off on AI-assisted code changes. The move follows a nearly six-hour retail outage this month and earlier AWS incidents, including a 13-hour disruption tied to the Kiro coding tool, offering a revealing look at how one tech giant is trying to put guardrails around AI coding.</p><p><strong><a href="https://open.nytimes.com/how-the-new-york-times-is-scaling-unit-test-coverage-using-ai-tools-fa796bf9b8d2">How The New York Times is Scaling Unit Test Coverage using AI tools</a></strong></p><p><strong><br></strong>The New York Times used AI tools, under strict human review, to generate unit tests across six web projects, raising average coverage from 28% to 83% and cutting work by an estimated 70%. It matters because stronger test coverage helps a fast-moving newsroom ship changes more safely, and the article offers concrete guardrails - like read-only coverage reports and a hard rule not to edit source code - that show where AI helps and where it still needs supervision.</p><p><strong><a href="https://alifeengineered.substack.com/p/the-reason-most-people-are-terrible">Why Good Communicators Start With the Point, Not the Backstory</a></strong></p><p>Steve Huynh argues that most people explain ideas bottom-up even though listeners process them top-down, and offers three fixes: BLUF, just-in-time context, and a top-down bridge. Using technical debt examples like an authentication module tied to six services and a proposed six-week cleanup, he shows how clearer structure helps people make decisions faster and reveals why saying less can make complex ideas land b</p><p><strong><a href="https://www.bassimeledath.com/blog/levels-of-agentic-engineering">The 8 Levels Of Agentic Engineering, From Copilot To Autonomous Agent Teams</a></strong></p><p>Bassim Eledath maps AI-assisted software work across eight levels, from tab-complete and IDE chat to context engineering, MCP-powered skills, harnesses with automated feedback loops, and background agents that can raise PRs while you sleep. The framework explains why strong model benchmarks often fail to translate into team productivity, and why the real leverage may come from better tooling, review flows, and coordination before fully autonomous agent teams arrive.<br></p><p><strong><a href="https://mikefisher.substack.com/p/perfectly-designed-for-these-results">Why Organizations Get the Results They Are Designed For</a></strong></p><p>Mike Fisher argues that recurring outcomes are usually products of system design, not individual failure, drawing on Deming and Conway&#8217;s Law to show how structure shapes behavior. Using Amazon&#8217;s two-pizza teams and API-driven services alongside Boeing&#8217;s 737 MAX, MCAS, and the 346 deaths in the 2018 and 2019 crashes, he shows why leaders must redesign incentives, communication, and authority if they want different results - and why surface fixes rarely hold.<br></p><p><strong><a href="https://randsinrepose.com/archives/managing-up/">Why &#8220;Managing Up&#8221; Fails and What Effective Communication Looks Like</a></strong></p><p>Rands argues that &#8220;managing up&#8221; is often a euphemism for selectively shaping a boss&#8217;s perception, and says the real job is bi-directional communication plus strong lateral relationships across people, projects, and politics. He offers a practical rule set - report unexpected developments immediately, from missed milestones to any mention of HR or Legal - because managers operate with a wider context, and the overlooked half of your information often sits with peers, not just your boss.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3></h3><p><strong><a href="https://www.infoq.com/articles/engineering-speed-scale/">How To Design And Sustain Sub-100 ms APIs At Scale</a></strong></p><p>This InfoQ article argues that sub-100 ms APIs come from explicit latency budgets across the request path - for example, 10 ms at the edge, 5 ms at the gateway, 30 ms for service logic, and 40 ms for data access - plus patterns like async fan-out, multi-level caching, and circuit breakers. It matters because latency compounds across services and quietly erodes user experience and revenue, and the piece usefully shows how architecture and team practices work together to keep speed from regressing over time.</p><p><strong><a href="https://nonstructured.com/zen-of-ai-coding/">16 Principles For Working With AI Coding Agents Without Losing Control</a></strong></p><p>Yoav Aviram distills a year of daily work with coding agents into 16 principles, arguing that code is becoming cheap while the real constraints shift to feedback loops, supervision, security, and shipping. With examples like rebuilding a CMS four times in three months and migrating four WordPress blogs to Hetzner in 15 minutes, he sketches how software work changes when agents can build fast but still fail in subtle ways.</p><h2>Projects</h2><p><strong><a href="https://github.com/manaflow-ai/cmux">cmux</a></strong></p><p>Cmux is an open source macOS terminal built on Ghostty that adds vertical tabs and notifications aimed at AI coding agents, with 6.6k GitHub stars, 1,491 commits, and recent work on Claude Code status hooks and duplicate-notification suppression. That makes it more than a terminal skin: it is trying to solve the messy workflow around long-running agent sessions, and the recent implementation details hint at how serious the integration is.</p><p><strong><a href="https://github.com/jalonsogo/tui-studio">tui-studio</a></strong></p><p>TUI Studio is an open source GitHub project with 657 stars and 132 commits that lets developers visually build terminal user interfaces, including per-screen theming, Bubble Tea-style tabs, and an enhanced color picker. It matters because it could speed up TUI prototyping without hand-coding every layout detail, and the recent additions hint at how far visual tooling for terminal apps can go.<br><br><strong><a href="https://github.com/eugene1g/agent-safehouse">agent safehouse</a><br></strong>Agent Safehouse is an open source macOS tool that uses sandbox-exec, composable policy profiles, and a deny-first model to limit what coding agents like Claude, Codex, and Amp can read or write. It matters because it adds practical least-privilege controls without breaking normal developer workflows, and the project already shows traction with 1.3k GitHub stars and a latest release of v0.3.1.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_2400,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1200" height="579.6" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:false,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;large&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:1200,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-large" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, 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stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p><strong><a href="https://sharif.io/looking-stupid">Why Looking Stupid Can Be a Real Advantage in Creative Work</a></strong></p><p>Sharif Shameem argues that creative progress often depends on being willing to publish bad ideas first, drawing on examples from Nobel winners who stop taking small swings, a Whole Foods cake brainstorm with his friend Aadil, and even evolution&#8217;s many failed mutations before jellyfish. It matters because fear of embarrassment can turn better, more experienced people into cautious non-creators, and his simple reframing - share something at all, not something perfect - is a useful test for anyone stuck hesitating.</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #105: Enforce]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, why LLM-generated code can pass tests yet fail on performance, how a GitHub issue title triggered a supply-chain breach on 4,000 machines, and why verification hasn't caught up with AI code]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-105-enforce</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-105-enforce</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 08 Mar 2026 19:14:26 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png" width="1456" height="897" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:897,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:2174366,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/i/190311096?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!IA4j!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5e1ef13b-c87c-4e6f-a14c-6e2e70611be3_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Code is getting cheaper. Trust isn&#8217;t. This week we look at what happens when AI-generated software ships without verification &#8211; and one supply-chain attack that proves enforcement can&#8217;t be an afterthought.</p><p><br>This week, Quadtrees for spatial search, fine-tuning Qwen3.5 with Unsloth, building a sub-500ms voice agent for $100, and why good software knows when to stop evolving.</p><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://growingswe.com/blog/quadtrees">How Quadtrees Speed Up Spatial Search, From Maps to Collision Detection</a></h3><pre><code>This interactive primer explains how quadtrees recursively split 2D space into four quadrants, showing why a point lookup can take about log4(n) steps instead of scanning all points; for a million points, that's roughly 10 checks. It also walks through range queries, nearest-neighbor search, collision detection, and image compression, making clear when quadtrees shine and where they degrade, with enough concrete mechanics to sharpen your intuition.</code></pre><h3><a href="https://leodemoura.github.io/blog/2026/02/28/when-ai-writes-the-worlds-software.html">AI Is Writing More Software, but Verification Is Not Keeping Up</a></h3><pre><code><code>Leonardo de Moura argues that while Google and Microsoft say 25&#8211;30% of new code is AI-generated and Anthropic built a 100,000-line C compiler in two weeks for under $20,000, formal verification has not scaled with that output. He makes the case for proof-based development on platforms like Lean, pointing to an AI-assisted zlib proof and enterprise use at AWS and Microsoft as signs that verified software may become the practical bottleneck and advantage.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://cacm.acm.org/research/a-decade-of-docker-containers/">How Docker Turned Linux Containers Into A Cross-Platform Developer Standard</a></h3><pre><code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://unsloth.ai/docs/models/qwen3.5/fine-tune">How To Fine-Tune Qwen3.5 Models With Unsloth</a></h3><pre><code><code>Unsloth now supports fine-tuning the full Qwen3.5 family for both text and vision, from 0.8B to MoE models like 35B-A3B, with claimed 1.5&#215; faster training and 50% lower VRAM than FA2 setups; bf16 LoRA for 35B-A3B runs on 74GB VRAM, while full fine-tuning uses about 4&#215; more. It matters because the guide includes practical constraints and deployment paths&#8212;such as using Transformers v5, avoiding QLoRA on Qwen3.5, and exporting to GGUF or vLLM&#8212;plus enough notebook and VRAM detail to judge whether your hardware can handle it.</code></code></pre><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3><a href="https://blog.katanaquant.com/p/your-llm-doesnt-write-correct-code">Why LLM-Written Code Can Look Right While Failing on Performance</a></h3><pre><code><code>A benchmark comparing SQLite with a ground-up, LLM-generated Rust rewrite found a simple 100-row primary-key lookup took 0.09 ms in SQLite versus 1,815.43 ms in the rewrite, largely because the planner missed SQLite&#226;&#8364;&#8482;s INTEGER PRIMARY KEY fast path and fell back to full table scans. The article argues this is a broader pattern: LLMs often produce code that compiles, passes tests, and mirrors the requested architecture, yet misses the real invariants that make systems work efficiently, a gap with obvious consequences for anyone relying on generated code without deep verification.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://ogirardot.writizzy.com/p/good-software-knows-when-to-stop">Good Software Knows When To Stop Evolving</a></h3><pre><code><code>Using a satirical mockup in which the Unix ls command is replaced by an &#8220;AI-Powered Directory Intelligence&#8221; tool with a 30-day deprecation notice, Olivier Girardot argues that software should remain focused on its core job instead of endlessly expanding. Drawing on ideas from 37signals&#8212;such as saying no by default and treating constraints as advantages&#8212;he makes the case that restraint preserves usefulness and standards in an era of AI rebrands, such as MinIO becoming AIStor.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://www.ntik.me/posts/voice-agent">How One Developer Built a Sub-500ms Voice Agent From Scratch</a></h3><pre><code><code>Nick Tikhonov describes building a voice agent in about a day using roughly $100 in API credits, combining Twilio, Deepgram Flux, ElevenLabs, and later Groq&#8217;s llama-3.3-70b to reduce end-to-end latency from around 1.7 seconds locally to roughly 400 ms. The piece is most useful as a practical guide to what actually drives voice responsiveness&#8212;turn detection, streaming pipelines, warm TTS sockets, and regional deployment&#8212;and it shows why custom orchestration can sometimes outperform all-in-one platforms.</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://github.com/googleworkspace/cli">Google Workspace CLI</a></h3><pre><code><code>Google&#8217;s open-source Google Workspace CLI aims to unify access to Google services from the terminal. The GitHub repository already shows 16.1k stars, 608 forks, 22 tags, and 145 commits as of March 6, 2026. It matters for developers and administrators who want a single interface for Workspace tasks, especially as recent breaking changes&#8212;such as removing MCP server mode and multi-account support&#8212;highlight how quickly the tool is evolving.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/AlexsJones/llmfit">llmfit</a></h3><pre><code><code>LLMFit is an open-source project by AlexsJones that analyzes local hardware and recommends compatible models, with CLI, TUI, desktop, API, Docker, and Nix packaging options now in the repo. For anyone choosing models under real memory and GPU constraints, it promises a faster way to narrow the field before downloading, and the breadth of interfaces suggests it is evolving beyond a simple compatibility checker.</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_2400,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1200" height="579.6" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:false,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;large&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:1200,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-large" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h3><a href="https://grith.ai/blog/clinejection-when-your-ai-tool-installs-another">How A GitHub Issue Title Led To Cline Installing OpenClaw On 4,000 Machines</a></h3><pre><code><code>This post traces the five-step &#8220;Clinejection&#8221; chain in which a malicious GitHub issue title exploited Cline&#8217;s AI triage workflow, poisoned GitHub Actions caches, stole release tokens, and led to the publication of cline@2.3.0 with a one-line postinstall hook that globally installed OpenClaw for about eight hours. It matters because the breach began with untrusted natural-language input and ended in a supply-chain compromise, showing how AI agents in CI/CD pipelines can quietly turn routine automation into a much larger trust problem.</code></code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #104: Telluride]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, Bloom filters slash API latency 16&#215;, MAKER cracks a million-step task with zero errors using agent voting, and incremental architecture shows why small shifts beat big-bang rewrites always.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-104-telluride</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-104-telluride</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 23 Nov 2025 20:30:07 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!35HU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75910295-7017-41bb-b46b-33f74e21ff59_4756x2929.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!35HU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75910295-7017-41bb-b46b-33f74e21ff59_4756x2929.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!35HU!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75910295-7017-41bb-b46b-33f74e21ff59_4756x2929.png 424w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!35HU!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75910295-7017-41bb-b46b-33f74e21ff59_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!35HU!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75910295-7017-41bb-b46b-33f74e21ff59_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!35HU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75910295-7017-41bb-b46b-33f74e21ff59_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!35HU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75910295-7017-41bb-b46b-33f74e21ff59_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This week, discover how bloom filters cut API latency 16&#215; by trading perfect accuracy for probabilistic speed, how the MAKER system conquered a million-step task with zero errors through multi-agent voting, and why incremental architecture beats big-bang rewrites by making change easy from the start.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Spotlight</strong>: Tinybird &#8212; Real-time Data FoundationsBuilding data products that feel instant? Tinybird helps companies like Vercel, Canva, and Framer transform massive data streams into real-time insights and user experiences.</p><p><a href="https://tbrd.co/an-data-course">Join the course for free &#8594;</a></p></blockquote><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://cefboud.com/posts/tcp-deep-dive-internals/">Why TCP Makes the Internet Work Seamlessly</a></h3><pre><code>Ever wondered how your apps work so smoothly despite the chaotic nature of the internet? Dive into the world of TCP, the unsung hero that ensures your data isn&#8217;t lost, corrupted, or out of order, even when the network is unreliable. Discover how TCP&#8217;s flow and congestion control mechanisms keep the internet from collapsing into chaos!</code></pre><h3><a href="https://newsletter.optimistengineer.com/p/incremental-architecture-what-you">Start Small, Scale Smart: Unlocking Incremental Architecture</a></h3><pre><code><code>Explore how incremental architecture can transform your software development process by enabling fast, painless evolution of your systems. Learn the key patterns and organizational strategies that make change easy, from cross-functional teams to event-driven designs. Discover why starting small and growing intentionally is the secret to avoiding complex systems that don&#8217;t work.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://www.0xkato.xyz/life-of-a-packet-in-the-linux-kernel/">Understanding Packet Journey in Linux: From Write to Receive</a></h3><pre><code><code>Ever wondered what happens when you run &#8216;curl http://example.com&#8217;? This article breaks down the journey of a packet through the Linux kernel, from your app&#8217;s write command to the server&#8217;s response, in a simple and practical way. No deep kernel knowledge needed&#226;&#8364;&#8221;just a curiosity about how your bytes travel!</code></code></pre><div><hr></div><h3><strong>A free course on real-time analytical data foundations</strong></h3><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMgt!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fed139286-4b35-4c2d-88eb-417604ccfe20_720x361.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMgt!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fed139286-4b35-4c2d-88eb-417604ccfe20_720x361.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMgt!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fed139286-4b35-4c2d-88eb-417604ccfe20_720x361.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMgt!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fed139286-4b35-4c2d-88eb-417604ccfe20_720x361.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMgt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fed139286-4b35-4c2d-88eb-417604ccfe20_720x361.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMgt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fed139286-4b35-4c2d-88eb-417604ccfe20_720x361.jpeg" width="720" height="361" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ed139286-4b35-4c2d-88eb-417604ccfe20_720x361.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:361,&quot;width&quot;:720,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:78212,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/i/179752774?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fed139286-4b35-4c2d-88eb-417604ccfe20_720x361.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMgt!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fed139286-4b35-4c2d-88eb-417604ccfe20_720x361.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMgt!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fed139286-4b35-4c2d-88eb-417604ccfe20_720x361.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMgt!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fed139286-4b35-4c2d-88eb-417604ccfe20_720x361.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QMgt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fed139286-4b35-4c2d-88eb-417604ccfe20_720x361.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Real-time isn&#8217;t a buzzword, it&#8217;s the performance edge for companies like Vercel, Canva, and Framer. <a href="https://tbrd.co/an-home">Tinybird</a> helps them transform massive streams of data into instant insights and real-time user experiences.</p><p>To share what we&#8217;ve learned over the last 5 years running Petabyte-sized clusters, we built a free course on real-time analytical data foundations  designed for developers who want to master the basics and build faster, smarter data products.</p><p><a href="https://tbrd.co/an-data-course">Join the course for free</a> </p><div><hr></div><h3><a href="https://words.filippo.io/2025-state/">Go Cryptography 2025: Key Updates and Innovations</a></h3><pre><code><code>Dive into the latest developments in Go cryptography from GopherCon 2025, including the introduction of post-quantum key exchanges and the new FIPS 140-3 Go Cryptographic Module. Discover how these advancements aim to future-proof your applications against quantum threats while maintaining a stellar security track record!</code></code></pre><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3><a href="https://arxiv.org/html/2511.09030v1">How MAKER Solved a Million-Step Task Without a Single Error</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how the MAKER system achieved a groundbreaking feat by solving a million-step task with zero errors! By breaking down tasks into minimal subtasks and using a multi-agent voting scheme for error correction, MAKER demonstrates a new way to scale AI processes efficiently.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://karboosx.net/post/4eZxhBon/building-a-simple-search-engine-that-actually-works">Create Your Own Search Engine: A Simple Guide</a></h3><pre><code><code>Tired of complex search solutions like Elasticsearch? Discover how to build a straightforward search engine that integrates seamlessly with your existing database, offering full control and easy debugging. Learn the magic of tokenization and weighting to find relevant results without the hassle of external services!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://www.geocod.io/code-and-coordinates/2025-11-18-the-1000-aws-mistake/">Avoiding Costly AWS Mistakes: The $1,000 Lesson</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how a missing VPC Endpoint led to a $1,000 AWS bill due to unexpected NAT Gateway charges, and learn how to prevent similar costly surprises with simple yet crucial configurations.</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://github.com/Ryandonofrio3/osgrep">osgrep</a></h3><pre><code><code>Osgrep is a powerful tool that brings natural-language search to your codebase, working like &#8216;grep&#8217; but with the ability to find concepts, not just strings. It&#8217;s fast, local, and integrates seamlessly with coding agents like Claude Code, making it a must-have for developers looking to streamline their workflow!</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_2400,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1200" height="579.6" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:false,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;large&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:1200,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-large" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h3><a href="https://incident.io/blog/bloom-filters">Bloom filters: the niche trick behind a 16&#215; faster API</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how a clever computer science trick called a bloom filter helped us slash API latency from 5 seconds to just 0.3 seconds! This deep dive explores the challenges of filtering large datasets and the innovative solutions that led to a 16X&#8212; performance boost.</code></code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #103: Trio]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, why pgvector might not cut it in production, how bloom filters fail at scale, and why LLMs can't replace hands-on learning. Plus, slashing cloud costs and Postgres as a lakehouse system.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-103-trio</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-103-trio</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 09 Nov 2025 23:05:00 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J7Gs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcdf60da-8618-4781-9d88-e017af1e6081_4756x2929.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J7Gs!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcdf60da-8618-4781-9d88-e017af1e6081_4756x2929.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J7Gs!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcdf60da-8618-4781-9d88-e017af1e6081_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J7Gs!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcdf60da-8618-4781-9d88-e017af1e6081_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J7Gs!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcdf60da-8618-4781-9d88-e017af1e6081_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J7Gs!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcdf60da-8618-4781-9d88-e017af1e6081_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J7Gs!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcdf60da-8618-4781-9d88-e017af1e6081_4756x2929.png" width="1456" height="897" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J7Gs!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcdf60da-8618-4781-9d88-e017af1e6081_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J7Gs!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcdf60da-8618-4781-9d88-e017af1e6081_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J7Gs!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcdf60da-8618-4781-9d88-e017af1e6081_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!J7Gs!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbcdf60da-8618-4781-9d88-e017af1e6081_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This week, uncover why dedicated vector databases often beat pgvector for production workloads despite Postgres&#8217;s appeal, how bloom filters create clever but ultimately flawed full text search systems, and why LLMs can&#8217;t replace the essential learning loop that builds true software development expertise. </p><blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Spotlight:</strong> QCon San Francisco &#8212; Enterprise AI Architecture Architecting AI systems? Evaluating LLM infra or planning migrations? <a href="https://qconsf.com/?utm_source=architecturenotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=architecturenotesnewsletterad_oct26_qsf25">QCon San Francisco</a> (Nov 17&#8211;21) dives deep into real-world AI architecture, platforms, and patterns&#8212;before they go mainstream. Learn from early adopters. Make smarter decisions. <a href="https://qconsf.com/?utm_source=architecturenotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=architecturenotesnewsletterad_oct26_qsf25">Learn more at qconsf.com</a> &#8594;</p></blockquote><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://alex-jacobs.com/posts/the-case-against-pgvector/">Why Pgvector Might Not Be the Best Choice for Production</a></h3><pre><code>While pgvector is a popular choice for vector search in Postgres, Alex Jacobs highlights the significant challenges it poses in production environments, such as memory-intensive index rebuilds and suboptimal query planning. Discover why dedicated vector databases might be a simpler and more efficient solution!</code></pre><h3><a href="https://notpeerreviewed.com/blog/bloom-filters/">A Clever Yet Flawed Approach to Full Text Search</a></h3><pre><code><code>Explore the intriguing use of bloom filters for building a space-efficient full text search index, and discover why scaling this technique to large document corpuses might not be the best idea. The article delves into the challenges of query performance and the limitations of bloom filters compared to traditional inverted indexes, offering a fascinating look at the balance between space efficiency and practicality.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://drobinin.com/posts/you-cant-curl-a-border/">Navigating Travel&#8217;s Hidden Bureaucratic Maze</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how a simple error fare to Iceland uncovers the complex web of travel regulations and the ingenious app that helps you navigate them without a hitch! From visa requirements to tax residency implications, this article dives into the intricate dance of international travel logistics.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://rameerez.com/send-this-article-to-your-friend-who-still-thinks-the-cloud-is-a-good-idea/">Why Ditching the Cloud Saved Me Big Bucks</a></h3><pre><code>Discover how one developer slashed his AWS bill from $1,400 to under $120 a month by moving off the cloud, and why he believes many are being scammed by cloud providers. This article dives into the backlash he faced and the real cost of cloud services.</code></pre><div><hr></div><h3><strong>Enterprise AI Architecture at QCon San Francisco (Nov 17-21)</strong></h3><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jAKN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jAKN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic 424w, 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data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:728,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:185996,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/i/177118352?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>Whether you&#8217;re architecting multi-model serving infrastructure, evaluating RAG pipeline investments, or planning GenAI platform strategy, <a href="https://qconsf.com/?utm_source=architecturenotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=architecturenotesnewsletterad_nov9_qsf25">QCon San Francisco 2025</a> connects you with enterprise architects who&#8217;ve shipped it.</p><p>Learn from Netflix&#8217;s AI platform architect, Pinterest&#8217;s GenAI search lead, and Coinbase&#8217;s ML infrastructure engineer. Sessions cover autoscaling inference for hundreds of model variants, data access patterns for AI workloads, and balancing reliability with innovation.</p><p>Hear what worked, what cost too much, and what to avoid from 60+ senior practitioners who adopted first.</p><p><a href="https://qconsf.com/?utm_source=architecturenotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=architecturenotesnewsletterad_nov9_qsf25">Learn more at qconsf.com</a> &#8594;</p><div><hr></div><h3><a href="https://getunblocked.com/blog/context-engineering/">Why Context Engineering Is Crucial for LLMs</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover why prompts alone aren&#8217;t enough for LLMs to tackle complex engineering problems. Learn how context engineering, which combines code, docs, and conversations, empowers models to deliver accurate and relevant solutions in real time.</code></code></pre><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3><a href="https://www.sicpers.info/2025/11/when-did-people-favor-composition-over-inheritance/">Why Composition Became the Darling Over Inheritance</a></h3><pre><code><code>Explore the shift from inheritance to composition in software design, tracing its roots to the &#8220;Gang of Four&#8221; and the evolving landscape of programming languages. Discover why composition offers flexibility and runtime adaptability, challenging the static nature of inheritance.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://alfy.blog/2025/10/31/your-url-is-your-state.html">Unlocking the Hidden Power of URLs in Web Development</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how URLs can be more than just web addresses&#226;&#8364;&#8221;they can be powerful state management tools! Learn how to use URLs to store, share, and recover application states without relying on databases or cookies. This article explores the overlooked potential of URLs as state containers and offers practical tips for frontend engineers.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://martinfowler.com/articles/llm-learning-loop.html">Why LLMs Can&#8217;t Replace the Learning Loop in Software Development</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover why the assembly line metaphor fails in software development and how LLMs, while useful for brainstorming and setup, can&#8217;t replace the essential learning loop that drives true expertise. Unmesh Joshi shares insights on using LLMs judiciously and the importance of hands-on learning in building robust systems.</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://github.com/toon-format/toon">TOON</a></h3><pre><code><code>TOON is a new, compact, and human-readable format designed to optimize token usage when passing structured data to Large Language Models. It combines the best of YAML and CSV to provide a schema-aware JSON alternative, perfect for uniform arrays of objects. Dive into the benchmarks and see how TOON can save you tokens and money!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/Snowflake-Labs/pg_lake">pg_lake</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how &#8216;pg_lake&#8217; transforms Postgres into a powerful lakehouse system, enabling seamless transactions and fast queries on Iceberg tables, while directly accessing raw data files in object stores like S3. Dive into the world of PostgreSQL extensions and explore the integration with DuckDB for enhanced performance!</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_2400,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1200" height="579.6" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:false,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;large&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:1200,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-large" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h3><a href="https://frederickvanbrabant.com/blog/2025-10-31-architectural-debt-is-not-just-technical-debt/">Architectural Debt: More Than Just Technical Debt</a></h3><pre><code><code>Architectural debt isn&#8217;t just about the code; it&#8217;s the structural decisions that haunt you later. Dive into how enterprise architects tackle the complexities of application interactions, data flow, and strategic misalignments that can cost organizations dearly.</code></code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #102: Primetime]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, saving $1.2M by leaving AWS for bare metal, why Postgres replaces Kafka more often than you think, and a cautionary startup infrastructure tale. Plus, AI debugging and SQLite concurrency.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-102-primetime</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-102-primetime</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 02 Nov 2025 18:42:24 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yxn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5cd1bda2-ee25-4a30-8536-686abd07475e_4756x2929.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yxn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5cd1bda2-ee25-4a30-8536-686abd07475e_4756x2929.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yxn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5cd1bda2-ee25-4a30-8536-686abd07475e_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yxn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5cd1bda2-ee25-4a30-8536-686abd07475e_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yxn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5cd1bda2-ee25-4a30-8536-686abd07475e_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yxn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5cd1bda2-ee25-4a30-8536-686abd07475e_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yxn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5cd1bda2-ee25-4a30-8536-686abd07475e_4756x2929.png" width="1456" height="897" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yxn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5cd1bda2-ee25-4a30-8536-686abd07475e_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yxn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5cd1bda2-ee25-4a30-8536-686abd07475e_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yxn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5cd1bda2-ee25-4a30-8536-686abd07475e_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7yxn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5cd1bda2-ee25-4a30-8536-686abd07475e_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>This week, explore why one startup&#8217;s bare metal migration saved $1.2M yearly with better latency and 99.993% uptime, how Postgres handles pub/sub and queueing efficiently enough to replace Kafka in many scenarios and SQLite concurrency.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Spotlight:</strong> QCon San Francisco &#8212; Enterprise AI Architecture Architecting AI systems? Evaluating LLM infra or planning migrations? <a href="https://qconsf.com/?utm_source=architecturenotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=architecturenotesnewsletterad_oct26_qsf25">QCon San Francisco</a> (Nov 17&#8211;21) dives deep into real-world AI architecture, platforms, and patterns&#8212;before they go mainstream. Learn from early adopters. Make smarter decisions. <a href="https://qconsf.com/?utm_source=architecturenotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=architecturenotesnewsletterad_oct26_qsf25">Learn more at qconsf.com</a> &#8594;</p></blockquote><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://blog.jacobstechtavern.com/p/my-terrible-startup-architecture">Lessons from a Startup&#8217;s Tech Architecture Disaster</a></h3><pre><code>Dive into the chaotic journey of building a startup&#8217;s tech architecture from scratch, where a young Deloitte graduate with an AWS certification took on the challenge of creating a mobile app and backend systems with little experience. Discover the pitfalls and lessons learned from relying on AWS Amplify, the struggles with GraphQL, and the costly serverless infrastructure that followed.</code></pre><h3><a href="https://thehustlingengineer.substack.com/p/the-silent-career-killer-most-engineers">How Silent Disagreements Can Stall Your Engineering Team</a></h3><pre><code><code>Silent disagreements in the workplace can quietly erode trust, hurt credibility, and stall promotions. Discover how to spot these hidden career killers and learn strategies to ensure alignment and trust within your team.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://seated.ro/blog/tinkering-a-lost-art">Why Tinkering Is Essential for Developing Taste</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how tinkering can transform your learning process and help you develop a unique sense of taste. The author shares personal insights on how experimenting with different skills and technologies has enriched their life and programming career.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://topicpartition.io/blog/postgres-pubsub-queue-benchmarks">Why Postgres Might Be Your Best Bet Over Kafka</a></h3><pre><code>In a world where tech buzzwords often overshadow practicality, this article makes a compelling case for choosing Postgres over Kafka for many use cases. With benchmarks showing Postgres handling pub/sub messaging and queueing efficiently, it challenges the notion that complex distributed systems are always necessary.</code></pre><div><hr></div><h3><strong>Enterprise AI Architecture at QCon San Francisco (Nov 17-21)</strong></h3><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jAKN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jAKN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic 424w, 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>Whether you&#8217;re designing AI platforms, scaling LLM serving, or building GenAI infrastructure, <a href="https://qconsf.com/?utm_source=architecturenotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=architecturenotesnewsletterad_oct26_qsf25">QCon San Francisco 2025</a> connects you with senior architects, engineers, and technical leaders who&#8217;ve done it at scale.</p><p>Sessions explore balancing deterministic systems with probabilistic agents, autoscaling multi-model serving, vector stores and RAG pipelines at scale, and evolving data access patterns for AI workloads.</p><p>Hear what worked, what failed, and what to avoid from 60+ seasoned practitioners&#8212;so you can adopt emerging trends with confidence.</p><p><a href="https://qconsf.com/?utm_source=architecturenotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=architecturenotesnewsletterad_oct26_qsf25">Learn more at qconsf.com</a> &#8594;</p><div><hr></div><h3><a href="https://michael.stapelberg.ch/posts/2025-10-31-macbook-pro-m4-impressions/">MacBook Pro M4: A User&#8217;s Honest Impressions</a></h3><pre><code><code>After six months with the MacBook Pro M4, Michael Stapelberg shares his thoughts on its nano-textured display, impressive battery life, and the subtle benefits of a 120 Hz screen. Discover why he chose the Pro over the Air and how the M4 chip keeps things cool and quiet!</code></code></pre><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3><a href="https://boz.com/articles/you-are-how-you-act">You Are How You Act</a></h3><pre><code><code>I personally a don't agree with the adage of fake it till you make it, but this was an interesting take on it. </code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://jellyfin.org/posts/SQLite-locking/">Why SQLite Concurrency Matters and How Jellyfin Tackles It</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Jellyfin navigates the tricky waters of SQLite concurrency issues with innovative locking strategies, ensuring smoother database operations and offering a potential solution for developers facing similar challenges.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://words.filippo.io/claude-debugging/">Claude Code Debugs Complex Cryptography Bugs</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Claude Code, an AI tool, impressively debugged a complex low-level cryptography bug in a new Go implementation of ML-DSA, a post-quantum signature algorithm. The AI rapidly identified a bug that had stumped the developer, showcasing its potential in tackling intricate coding challenges.</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://github.com/seaweedfs/seaweedfs">seaweedfs</a></h3><pre><code><code>SeaweedFS is a fast distributed storage system for blobs, objects, files, and data lake, for billions of files! </code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/janhq/jan">jan</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover Jan, the open-source AI that lets you run ChatGPT-like capabilities entirely offline on your computer! With 39k stars on GitHub, it&#8217;s a popular choice for those seeking privacy and control.</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_2400,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1200" height="579.6" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:false,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;large&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:1200,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-large" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h3><a href="https://oneuptime.com/blog/post/2025-10-29-aws-to-bare-metal-two-years-later/view">Two Years After AWS: The Bare Metal Journey</a></h3><pre><code><code>Two years after ditching AWS for bare metal, OneUptime shares how they saved over $1.2M annually, improved latency, and maintained 99.993% availability. Dive into their detailed analysis and see why they still use cloud services for specific needs!</code></code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #101: Generator]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, how AWS hits 1 petabyte per second on old HDDs, why a DNS bug killed Slack for 14 hours, and how to build a key-value database from scratch.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-101-generator</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-101-generator</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 26 Oct 2025 21:43:21 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wPbr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87d402cf-0795-460c-8b44-4e434485e609_4756x2929.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wPbr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87d402cf-0795-460c-8b44-4e434485e609_4756x2929.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wPbr!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87d402cf-0795-460c-8b44-4e434485e609_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wPbr!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87d402cf-0795-460c-8b44-4e434485e609_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wPbr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87d402cf-0795-460c-8b44-4e434485e609_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wPbr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87d402cf-0795-460c-8b44-4e434485e609_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wPbr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87d402cf-0795-460c-8b44-4e434485e609_4756x2929.png" width="1456" height="897" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wPbr!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87d402cf-0795-460c-8b44-4e434485e609_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wPbr!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87d402cf-0795-460c-8b44-4e434485e609_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wPbr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87d402cf-0795-460c-8b44-4e434485e609_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wPbr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87d402cf-0795-460c-8b44-4e434485e609_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>This week, discover how AWS serves 1 petabyte per second using commodity hard drives through massive parallelism and erasure coding, why a single DNS race condition brought down Slack, Signal, and a Premier League broadcast for 14 hours, and how to build your own key-value database from scratch with LSM trees and append-only files. </p><blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Spotlight:</strong> QCon San Francisco &#8212; Enterprise AI Architecture Architecting AI systems? Evaluating LLM infra or planning migrations? <a href="https://qconsf.com/?utm_source=architecturenotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=architecturenotesnewsletterad_oct26_qsf25">QCon San Francisco</a> (Nov 17&#8211;21) dives deep into real-world AI architecture, platforms, and patterns&#8212;before they go mainstream. Learn from early adopters. Make smarter decisions. <a href="https://qconsf.com/?utm_source=architecturenotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=architecturenotesnewsletterad_oct26_qsf25">Learn more at qconsf.com</a> &#8594;</p></blockquote><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://hojberg.xyz/the-programmer-identity-crisis/">The Programmer&#8217;s Identity Crisis: Craft vs. AI</a></h3><pre><code>Explore the evolving identity of programmers as AI and &#8216;vibe-coding&#8217; challenge traditional coding craft. Dive into the tension between maintaining deep engagement with code and the rise of AI-driven development, where programmers risk becoming mere operators.</code></pre><h3><a href="https://brooker.co.za/blog/2025/06/20/career.html">Avoiding Negativity Echo Chambers in Your Career</a></h3><pre><code><code>Marc Brooker shares a crucial piece of career advice: steer clear of negativity echo chambers that can drain your energy and hinder your progress. Instead, focus on positive communities and spend your time with people who inspire you to grow and succeed!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://jxnl.co/writing/2024/01/19/tips-probabilistic-software/#make-decisions-improve-focus">Mastering Probabilistic Software: Key Tips Junior Developers</a></h3><pre><code><code>Dive into the world of probabilistic software with Jason Liu&#8217;s insights, where he shares essential tips for junior developers transitioning into machine learning. Learn how to focus on outcomes, metrics, and experiments to make informed decisions and improve your ability to handle uncertainty in software development.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://www.nan.fyi/database">How to Build a Key-Value Database from Scratch</a></h3><pre><code>Ever wondered how databases work under the hood? Dive into this guide to learn how to build a key-value database from scratch, exploring concepts like append-only files, indices, and LSM trees. Discover the trade-offs and challenges of creating a database that efficiently stores and retrieves data!</code></pre><div><hr></div><h3><strong>Enterprise AI Architecture at QCon San Francisco (Nov 17-21)</strong></h3><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jAKN!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jAKN!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jAKN!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jAKN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jAKN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jAKN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic" width="1456" height="728" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:728,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:185996,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/i/177118352?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jAKN!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jAKN!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jAKN!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jAKN!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2faba52d-0acd-4192-9631-37fdf1beac02_2400x1200.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>Whether you&#8217;re designing AI platforms, scaling LLM serving, or building GenAI infrastructure, <a href="https://qconsf.com/?utm_source=architecturenotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=architecturenotesnewsletterad_oct26_qsf25">QCon San Francisco 2025</a> connects you with senior architects, engineers, and technical leaders who&#8217;ve done it at scale.</p><p>Sessions explore balancing deterministic systems with probabilistic agents, autoscaling multi-model serving, vector stores and RAG pipelines at scale, and evolving data access patterns for AI workloads.</p><p>Hear what worked, what failed, and what to avoid from 60+ seasoned practitioners&#8212;so you can adopt emerging trends with confidence.</p><p><a href="https://qconsf.com/?utm_source=architecturenotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=architecturenotesnewsletterad_oct26_qsf25">Learn more at qconsf.com</a> &#8594;</p><div><hr></div><h3><a href="https://newsletter.pragmaticengineer.com/p/what-caused-the-large-aws-outage">Inside the AWS Outage: How DynamoDB&#8217;s DNS Failure Caused Chaos</a></h3><pre><code><code>A 14-hour AWS outage took down major services like Signal, Slack, and even a Premier League game, all due to a DNS failure in DynamoDB. Discover how a race condition in DNS management led to this massive disruption and what AWS is doing to prevent it from happening again.</code></code></pre><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3><a href="https://tidyfirst.substack.com/p/programming-deflation">When Code Gets Cheaper Every Day</a></h3><pre><code><code>AKent Beck explores the intriguing paradox of programming deflation, where the cost of coding plummets thanks to AI, yet the demand for skilled programmers may rise. Discover how this shift could transform every small business into a software company and why understanding and judgment are the new scarce resources in a world of abundant cheap code.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://obsidian.md/blog/less-is-safer/">How Obsidian Minimizes Supply Chain Attack Risks</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Obsidian keeps your data safe by minimizing third-party code dependencies, implementing features from scratch, and using strict version control. Their deliberate approach to updates ensures a secure environment for your thoughts!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://www.anthropic.com/engineering/building-effective-agents">Building Effective Agents</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Anthropic's experience with LLM agents reveals that simplicity and composable patterns often outperform complex frameworks. Learn practical tips for developers to build effective AI agents without unnecessary complexity.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://bigdata.2minutestreaming.com/p/how-aws-s3-scales-with-tens-of-millions-of-hard-drives">How AWS S3 Achieves 1 Petabyte Per Second on Slow HDDs</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover the engineering marvel behind AWS S3&#8217;s ability to serve over 1 petabyte per second using commodity hard drives. Learn how Amazon leverages massive parallelism, erasure coding, and clever load-balancing techniques to overcome the physical limitations of HDDs and deliver high throughput and availability at scale.</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://github.com/czhu12/canine">canine</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover Canine, a user-friendly deployment platform that combines the power of Kubernetes with the simplicity of Heroku, offering seamless GitHub integration, real-time monitoring, and more for small teams. Check it out to see how it can streamline your deployment workflows!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/automattic/harper">harper</a></h3><pre><code><code>Tired of slow and privacy-invading grammar checkers? Meet Harper, the open-source, Rust-powered tool that checks your grammar offline in milliseconds, all while keeping your data private. Say goodbye to expensive and overbearing alternatives!</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_2400,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1200" height="579.6" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:false,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;large&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:1200,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-large" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h3><a href="https://www.jonoalderson.com/performance/http-caching/">Mastering HTTP Caching: The Key to Faster, Cheaper Websites</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how effective HTTP caching can transform your website&#8217;s performance, resilience, and cost-efficiency. This comprehensive guide dives into the intricacies of caching headers, common pitfalls, and practical strategies to ensure your site is fast, reliable, and ready to handle traffic spikes.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://www.seangoedecke.com/taste/">Understanding Good Taste in Software Engineering</a></h3><pre><code><code>Good taste in software engineering isn&#8217;t about technical skill but about aligning engineering values with project needs. Discover how taste influences design decisions and why flexibility and context matter more than rigid &#8216;best practices.&#8217;</code></code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[ Arc Notes Weekly #100: Hundo]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, how to build a search engine powered by embeddings, how to think about GPUs and code might be more effective than a bunch of MCP servers.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-100-hundo</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-100-hundo</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 24 Aug 2025 19:29:54 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TX-N!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fec9de71c-ee94-4a22-b51f-6bc61f810704_4756x2929.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TX-N!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fec9de71c-ee94-4a22-b51f-6bc61f810704_4756x2929.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TX-N!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fec9de71c-ee94-4a22-b51f-6bc61f810704_4756x2929.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TX-N!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fec9de71c-ee94-4a22-b51f-6bc61f810704_4756x2929.jpeg 848w, 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>This week, how to build a search engine powered by embeddings, how to think about GPUs and code might be more effective than a bunch of MCP servers. </p><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people. Interested in sponsoring an issue, reach us <a href="mailto:admin@architecturenotes.co">here</a>. </p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://roguesecurity.dev/blog/systemd-hardening">Mastering SystemD Service Hardening for Enhanced Security</a></h3><pre><code>Discover how to fortify your Linux system with SystemD service hardening techniques, reducing the risk of compromise and limiting damage from potential exploits. This guide offers a comprehensive look at security options for SystemD service units and podman quadlets, providing practical steps to enhance your system's security posture.</code></pre><h3><a href="https://emersion.fr/blog/2025/using-podman-compose-and-buildkit/">Mastering Podman: Running Docker Compose with BuildKit</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how to seamlessly run Docker Compose projects with Podman and enable BuildKit for advanced features! This guide walks you through setting up Podman with Docker Compose CLI, creating a new Docker context, and using a systemd-managed BuildKit service, all while maintaining a rootless and daemonless environment.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://blog.wilsonl.in/search-engine/">Building a Search Engine with 3 Billion Neural Embeddings in 2 Months</a></h3><pre><code>Dive into the fascinating journey of creating a web search engine from scratch in just two months, leveraging 3 billion neural embeddings to deliver top-quality content. Discover how a cluster of 200 GPUs, hundreds of crawlers, and advanced text embedding models were used to tackle the challenges of modern search engines and provide more relevant, human-like search results.</code></pre><div><hr></div><h3></h3><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3><a href="https://rdel.substack.com/p/rdel-94-how-do-experienced-engineers">How Experienced Engineers Master Code Reviews</a></h3><pre><code><code>Dive into the minds of seasoned developers as they navigate the complex world of code reviews, using strategic scoping and mental models to ensure quality and efficiency. Discover how leaders can enhance these practices to support scalable and effective reviews!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://agents.md/">Why You Need AGENTS.md for Your Coding Projects</a></h3><pre><code><code>AGENTS.md is the perfect companion to README.md, offering detailed instructions for coding agents without cluttering your main documentation. Discover how this file can streamline your development process by providing build steps, testing instructions, and more, all in a format that's compatible with a wide range of AI coding tools!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://gregoryszorc.com/blog/2021/04/07/modern-ci-is-too-complex-and-misdirected/">Why Modern CI Systems Are Overly Complex and Misguided</a></h3><pre><code><code>Gregory Szorc argues that modern CI systems like GitHub Actions and GitLab Pipelines have become overly complex, essentially turning into build systems themselves. He suggests that CI functionality should be an extension of build systems, reducing redundancy and complexity. Discover why he believes current CI offerings are targeting the wrong abstraction and what the future of CI could look like!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://jax-ml.github.io/scaling-book/gpus/">Understanding GPUs: A Deep Dive into NVIDIA's Powerhouse</a></h3><pre><code><code>Explore the intricate world of NVIDIA GPUs, from their architecture to their role in large language models, and see how they stack up against TPUs. This chapter offers a detailed look at the components and capabilities of modern GPUs like the H100 and B200, making it a must-read for anyone interested in scaling machine learning models!</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://ffmpeg.org/index.html#pr8.0">ffmpeg 8.0</a></h3><pre><code><code>FFmpeg 8.0 'Huffman' is here, boasting a massive update with new native decoders, Vulkan compute-based codecs, and hardware-accelerated encoding and decoding. This release modernizes FFmpeg's infrastructure and introduces exciting possibilities for non-linear video editing and lossless streaming. Dive into the details and see how these advancements can enhance your multimedia projects!</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_2400,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1200" height="579.6" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:false,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;large&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:1200,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-large" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h3><a href="https://lucumr.pocoo.org/2025/8/18/code-mcps/">Why Your MCP Needs Code, Not 30 Tools</a></h3><pre><code><code>Armin Ronacher argues that instead of relying on a multitude of CLI tools, MCPs should focus on using code to enhance functionality. He explores the challenges of CLI tools, such as platform dependency and session management, and suggests using a single MCP server with a Python interpreter to streamline processes and improve efficiency.</code></code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #99: Judgement Call]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, vibe code like a senior, rethink tokenization, and meet Nvidia&#8217;s GPU beast. Plus: why toy programs matter, how MCP became a plugin OS, and taming noisy AI code reviews.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-99-judgement-call</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-99-judgement-call</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 29 Jun 2025 17:35:07 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKNb!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae4a3a26-982e-4814-8122-680202a099ab_4756x2929.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKNb!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae4a3a26-982e-4814-8122-680202a099ab_4756x2929.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKNb!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae4a3a26-982e-4814-8122-680202a099ab_4756x2929.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKNb!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae4a3a26-982e-4814-8122-680202a099ab_4756x2929.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKNb!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae4a3a26-982e-4814-8122-680202a099ab_4756x2929.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKNb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae4a3a26-982e-4814-8122-680202a099ab_4756x2929.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKNb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae4a3a26-982e-4814-8122-680202a099ab_4756x2929.jpeg" width="1456" height="897" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKNb!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae4a3a26-982e-4814-8122-680202a099ab_4756x2929.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKNb!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae4a3a26-982e-4814-8122-680202a099ab_4756x2929.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKNb!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae4a3a26-982e-4814-8122-680202a099ab_4756x2929.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QKNb!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fae4a3a26-982e-4814-8122-680202a099ab_4756x2929.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This week, explore how &#8216;vibe coding&#8217; with AI is changing the game for senior engineers, how MCP accidentally became a universal plugin system, and why writing toy programs can reignite your love for code. Plus, dive into the performance impact of random access, Nvidia&#8217;s monstrous Blackwell GPU.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Spotlight: Secure AI Agent Workflows with WorkOS:</strong><br>AI agents with too much access can leak data, trigger unintended actions, or expose your platform to risk. <a href="https://workos.com/blog/securing-ai-agents?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q22025">WorkOS locks down agent workflows</a> with scoped access, least-privilege enforcement, and auditability for runtime behavior.</p></blockquote><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://blog.alexmaccaw.com/how-to-vibe-code-as-a-senior-engineer/">Unlocking the Magic of Vibe Coding for Senior Engineers</a></h3><pre><code>Discover the transformative power of 'vibe coding' with AI, where senior engineers can now build complex software in record time by crafting precise prompts and letting advanced models like Claude Sonnet 4 and Gemini 2.5 Pro do the heavy lifting. This approach not only boosts productivity but also brings back the joy of coding, making it a must-try for experienced developers looking to harness AI as a superpower before the landscape shifts entirely.</code></pre><h3><a href="https://samestep.com/blog/random-access/">How Much Does Random Access Really Slow You Down?</a></h3><pre><code><code>Ever wondered how much slower random access is compared to sequential access in your programs? Dive into this detailed exploration by Sam Estep, where he tests array access patterns on different machines and reveals surprising insights about cache behavior, memory-mapped files, and the impact of array size on performance. Find out if your guesses match the results!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://www.cubic.dev/blog/learnings-from-building-ai-agents">How We Tamed Our AI Code Reviewer's Noisy Feedback</a></h3><pre><code>Discover how Cubic's AI code reviewer went from overwhelming developers with noise to providing precise, valuable feedback by reducing false positives by 51%! Learn about the innovative strategies like explicit reasoning logs and specialized micro-agents that made this transformation possible.</code></pre><div><hr></div><h3><strong>WorkOS: Secure AI Agent Workflows</strong></h3><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HyTI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff884136f-cfa2-4efd-a4e1-178366e62376_1600x900.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HyTI!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff884136f-cfa2-4efd-a4e1-178366e62376_1600x900.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HyTI!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff884136f-cfa2-4efd-a4e1-178366e62376_1600x900.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HyTI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff884136f-cfa2-4efd-a4e1-178366e62376_1600x900.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HyTI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff884136f-cfa2-4efd-a4e1-178366e62376_1600x900.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HyTI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff884136f-cfa2-4efd-a4e1-178366e62376_1600x900.png" width="1456" height="819" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f884136f-cfa2-4efd-a4e1-178366e62376_1600x900.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:819,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:643263,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/i/167113086?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff884136f-cfa2-4efd-a4e1-178366e62376_1600x900.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HyTI!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff884136f-cfa2-4efd-a4e1-178366e62376_1600x900.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HyTI!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff884136f-cfa2-4efd-a4e1-178366e62376_1600x900.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HyTI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff884136f-cfa2-4efd-a4e1-178366e62376_1600x900.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HyTI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff884136f-cfa2-4efd-a4e1-178366e62376_1600x900.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>AI agents with too much access can leak data, perform unintended actions, or expose your platform to risk.</p><p>To keep agent workflows safe, engineering teams are implementing:</p><ul><li><p> Scoped access to limit what agents can touch</p></li><li><p> Least-privilege enforcement to restrict overreach</p></li><li><p> Auditability to observe and debug runtime behavior</p></li><li><p> Secure handling of secrets and credentials</p></li><li><p> Detection of unusual or risky activity</p></li></ul><p><a href="https://workos.com/blog/securing-ai-agents?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q22025">Learn how WorkOS helps secure agent workflows</a> &#8594;</p><div><hr></div><h3><a href="https://worksonmymachine.substack.com/p/mcp-an-accidentally-universal-plugin">The Accidental Genius of MCP: A Universal Plugin System</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how the Model Context Protocol (MCP) is unintentionally revolutionizing connectivity by acting as a universal plugin system, allowing anything to connect to any data source or tool. From toasters with HDMI outputs to AI models accessing Spotify, MCP is creating a chaotic yet brilliant ecosystem of endless possibilities!</code></code></pre><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3><a href="https://chipsandcheese.com/p/blackwell-nvidias-massive-gpu">Nvidia's Blackwell GPU: A Giant Leap in Graphics Power</a></h3><pre><code><code>Nvidia's latest GPU architecture, Blackwell, is a behemoth with its GB202 die boasting 92.2 billion transistors and 192 Streaming Multiprocessors. Dive into the details of how this massive GPU compares to AMD's RDNA4 and what makes it a powerhouse in Nvidia's lineup!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://blog.jsbarretto.com/post/software-is-joy">Rediscovering Joy in Software: The Case for Toy Programs</a></h3><pre><code><code>In a world where software development is becoming increasingly commodified, writing toy programs can reignite the simple joy of coding. These small projects not only offer a creative outlet but also provide valuable insights and skills that can enhance your day-to-day work. Dive into the world of toy software and discover how building your own 'wheel' can teach you more than any book ever could!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://lucalp.dev/bitter-lesson-tokenization-and-blt/">The Future of Tokenization: A Bitter Lesson</a></h3><pre><code><code>Explore the potential of a world without tokenization as the article delves into the fragility of current tokenization methods and the promising future of Byte Latent Transformers. Discover how the shift towards general-purpose methods could revolutionize the way we leverage compute and data in machine learning!</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://github.com/sebastiancarlos/beachpatrol">beachpatrol</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover Beachpatrol &#8212; a powerful CLI tool that turns your web browser into an automation engine. Seamlessly integrate with Playwright to run custom scripts and automate everyday tasks like checking emails, downloading files, and more &#8212; all within your regular browser. Take control of your workflow and streamline your online routines with ease.</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_2400,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1200" height="579.6" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:false,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;large&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:1200,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-large" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h3><a href="https://charity.wtf/2025/06/19/in-praise-of-normal-engineers/">Celebrating the Power of 'Normal' Engineers</a></h3><pre><code><code>This article challenges the '10x engineer' myth, emphasizing that great engineering teams are built on the collective strength of 'normal' engineers. Discover why the true measure of productivity is team impact, not individual brilliance, and how inclusive, diverse teams can drive business success.</code></code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #98: Turbine]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, Explore how AWS uses formal methods, what Kubernetes 2.0 could fix, and how databases store tables on disk. Plus: agentic coding, better AI docs, and 9 years of debugging lessons.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-98-turbine</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-98-turbine</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 22 Jun 2025 18:24:17 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jQx5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89468952-8d35-45d4-baae-292f3576278d_4756x2929.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jQx5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F89468952-8d35-45d4-baae-292f3576278d_4756x2929.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This week, dive into the internals of database storage, explore how AWS uses formal methods to ensure system correctness, and learn what a Kubernetes 2.0 might look like. Plus, get practical advice on building AI agents, debugging with confidence, and writing docs that help both humans and AI.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Spotlight: WorkOS AuthKit + Radar: Auth with Real-Time Threat Protection </strong>Auth isn&#8217;t just login&#8212;it&#8217;s sessions, MFA, SSO, and threat prevention. <a href="https://www.workos.com/authkit?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q22025">AuthKit + WorkOS Radar</a> integrates cleanly with your existing auth stack&#8212;fully hosted, production-ready, and built for scale.</p></blockquote><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://docs.kapa.ai/improving/writing-best-practices">Mastering AI Documentation: Best Practices for Clarity and Precision</a></h3><pre><code>Discover how to create documentation that not only helps human readers but also enhances AI performance! This guide dives into best practices for writing clear, structured content that improves AI's ability to generate accurate answers, highlighting the importance of chunking, semantic clarity, and self-contained sections.</code></pre><h3><a href="https://lucumr.pocoo.org/2025/6/12/agentic-coding/">Agentic Coding Recommendations</a></h3><pre><code><code>Dive into Armin Ronacher's exploration of agentic coding, where he shares his unique workflow using Claude Code, the importance of simplicity, and why Go is his top choice for backend projects. Discover how he optimizes tool usage and the role of AI in his development process, all while keeping an eye on the rapidly evolving landscape of coding with agents.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://henryhmko.github.io/posts/tpu/tpu.html">Exploring the Unique Design of Google's TPUs</a></h3><pre><code>Discover how Google's TPUs, with their unique design philosophy, achieve remarkable scalability and energy efficiency, setting them apart from traditional GPUs. Dive into the co-design of hardware and software, including the XLA compiler, and explore the intricate details of TPU internals and their impressive throughput capabilities!</code></pre><div><hr></div><h3><strong>WorkOS AuthKit + Radar: Scalable Auth with Real-Time Threat Protection</strong></h3><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SHfo!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37637750-8bc8-449d-9430-481ef97def98_2400x1200.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SHfo!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37637750-8bc8-449d-9430-481ef97def98_2400x1200.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SHfo!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37637750-8bc8-449d-9430-481ef97def98_2400x1200.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SHfo!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37637750-8bc8-449d-9430-481ef97def98_2400x1200.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SHfo!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37637750-8bc8-449d-9430-481ef97def98_2400x1200.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SHfo!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37637750-8bc8-449d-9430-481ef97def98_2400x1200.png" width="1456" height="728" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/37637750-8bc8-449d-9430-481ef97def98_2400x1200.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:728,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:805832,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/i/166533785?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37637750-8bc8-449d-9430-481ef97def98_2400x1200.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SHfo!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37637750-8bc8-449d-9430-481ef97def98_2400x1200.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SHfo!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37637750-8bc8-449d-9430-481ef97def98_2400x1200.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SHfo!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37637750-8bc8-449d-9430-481ef97def98_2400x1200.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SHfo!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37637750-8bc8-449d-9430-481ef97def98_2400x1200.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Auth isn&#8217;t just login. It&#8217;s managing sessions, rotating tokens, supporting MFA, integrating SSO, and defending against abuse.</p><p>WorkOS AuthKit offers a fully hosted UI and API for sign-up, password resets, MFA, and SSO&#8212;production-ready and easy to integrate into any architecture.<br>WorkOS Radar adds real-time detection for credential stuffing, brute force, and more. No scripts or custom logic required.</p><p>Integrates cleanly with your existing auth stack and scales with you from day one.<br><br><a href="https://www.workos.com/authkit?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q22025">Get started with AuthKit + WorkOS Radar</a> &#8594;</p><div><hr></div><h3><a href="https://www.deepintodev.com/blog/how-databases-store-your-tables-on-disk">Unveiling the Secrets of How Databases Store Tables on Disk</a></h3><pre><code><code>Ever wondered how your database tables are stored on disk? Dive into the world of pages, heap files, and indexes to uncover the magic behind database storage and optimization. Discover how databases use primary keys and hidden row IDs to efficiently manage data, and learn why understanding these concepts can make or break your database performance!</code></code></pre><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3><a href="https://blog.thepete.net/blog/2025/05/22/why-your-ai-coding-assistant-keeps-doing-it-wrong-and-how-to-fix-it/">Why Your AI Coding Assistant Struggles and How to Improve It</a></h3><pre><code><code>AI coding assistants can be both impressive and frustrating, excelling at certain tasks while faltering at others. This article explores how understanding the strengths and weaknesses of AI can help you tailor tasks to fit its capabilities, ultimately boosting productivity and satisfaction with AI-assisted coding.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://henrikwarne.com/2025/06/15/lessons-from-9-more-years-of-tricky-bugs/">9 Years of Debugging: Lessons Learned</a></h3><pre><code><code>Henrik Warne reflects on nine more years of tackling tricky bugs, sharing insights into coding, testing, and debugging challenges. From empty cases to good logging practices, discover how these lessons can help you avoid common pitfalls in software development!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://www.anthropic.com/engineering/building-effective-agents">Building Effective Agents</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Anthropic's experience with LLM agents reveals that simplicity and composable patterns often outperform complex frameworks. Learn practical tips for developers to build effective AI agents without unnecessary complexity.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://matduggan.com/what-would-a-kubernetes-2-0-look-like/">Imagining Kubernetes 2.0: What Could Be Improved?</a></h3><pre><code><code>Kubernetes has revolutionized how we manage infrastructure, but it's not without its flaws. This article explores potential improvements for a hypothetical Kubernetes 2.0, including ditching YAML for HCL, allowing etcd swap-outs, and introducing a native package manager. Dive into the future of Kubernetes and see what changes could make it even more powerful!</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://github.com/czhu12/canine">canine</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover Canine, a user-friendly deployment platform that combines the power of Kubernetes with the simplicity of Heroku, offering seamless GitHub integration, real-time monitoring, and more for small teams. Check it out to see how it can streamline your deployment workflows!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/automattic/harper">harper</a></h3><pre><code><code>Tired of slow and privacy-invading grammar checkers? Meet Harper, the open-source, Rust-powered tool that checks your grammar offline in milliseconds, all while keeping your data private. Say goodbye to expensive and overbearing alternatives!</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, 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x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h3><a href="https://cacm.acm.org/practice/systems-correctness-practices-at-amazon-web-services/">How AWS Ensures Systems Correctness with Formal Methods</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Amazon Web Services uses formal methods like TLA+ and the P programming language to eliminate bugs early and optimize performance, ensuring reliable and secure services. This article explores AWS's evolution in correctness practices, highlighting the benefits of formal methods in delivering complex services with high confidence.</code></code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #97: Accounting]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, GitLab cuts backups from 48h to 41m, Twitter&#8217;s DMs aren&#8217;t as secure as they seem, and Stanford&#8217;s Tokasaurus boosts LLM speed. Plus, rethink common misconceptions in aviation software.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-97-accounting</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-97-accounting</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 08 Jun 2025 17:29:43 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VlPt!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2093c171-2278-4f7c-90c7-83d8e63b398d_4756x2929.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VlPt!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2093c171-2278-4f7c-90c7-83d8e63b398d_4756x2929.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VlPt!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2093c171-2278-4f7c-90c7-83d8e63b398d_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VlPt!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2093c171-2278-4f7c-90c7-83d8e63b398d_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VlPt!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2093c171-2278-4f7c-90c7-83d8e63b398d_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VlPt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2093c171-2278-4f7c-90c7-83d8e63b398d_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VlPt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2093c171-2278-4f7c-90c7-83d8e63b398d_4756x2929.png" width="1456" height="897" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VlPt!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2093c171-2278-4f7c-90c7-83d8e63b398d_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VlPt!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2093c171-2278-4f7c-90c7-83d8e63b398d_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VlPt!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2093c171-2278-4f7c-90c7-83d8e63b398d_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VlPt!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2093c171-2278-4f7c-90c7-83d8e63b398d_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><p>This week, uncover how GitLab slashed backup times from 48 hours to 41 minutes, why even secure-looking DMs aren&#8217;t safe on Twitter, and how a Stanford-built LLM engine is redefining inference speed. Plus, explore misconceptions in aviation software.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Spotlight: Smarter Monetization for SaaS </strong>Tired of hard-coding pricing logic? <a href="https://schematichq.com/?utm_source=architecture-notes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=email_sponsorship">Schematic</a> makes entitlements a first-class primitive, so you can stop burying access rules in brittle conditionals and let the product teams take control.</p></blockquote><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://esham.io/2025/05/shell-history">Rethink Your Shell History: A New Approach</a></h3><pre><code>Explore the debate between keeping a detailed shell history versus curating it for efficiency. Discover a nifty zsh function that helps you prune unnecessary commands and keep your history file clean!</code></pre><h3><a href="https://blog.glyph.im/2025/06/i-think-im-done-thinking-about-genai-for-now.html">Why I'm Taking a Break from genAI Discussions</a></h3><pre><code><code>The author shares their frustration with the relentless genAI discourse, admitting defeat in trying to make sense of it and deciding to step back. They explore the overwhelming nature of genAI discussions, the aesthetic displeasure of interacting with AI, and the broader implications on critical thinking and industry practices. It's a candid reflection on the exhaustion of engaging with a topic that feels both inescapable and unsolvable.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://about.gitlab.com/blog/2025/06/05/how-we-decreased-gitlab-repo-backup-times-from-48-hours-to-41-minutes/">GitLab Slashes Repo Backup Time from 48 Hours to 41 Minutes</a></h3><pre><code>Discover how GitLab tackled a 15-year-old Git function bottleneck, transforming backup times from 48 hours to just 41 minutes! This breakthrough not only enhances efficiency but also supports more robust backup strategies, reducing risk and costs.</code></pre><div><hr></div><h3><strong>Schematic: Modern Monetization Without the Hacks</strong></h3><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png" width="1200" height="630" 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Most SaaS products bury pricing logic deep in brittle conditionals &#8212; making it painful to evolve plans, manage trials, or run sales. Schematic fixes that by making entitlements a first-class primitive. Developers stop hard-coding access rules and start using entitlements.check() instead. Product and GTM teams take over from there, owning monetization without shipping code.</p><p>No more brittle logic. Just clean, flexible monetization.</p><p><a href="https://schematichq.com/?utm_source=architecture-notes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=email_sponsorship">Get Started With Schematic</a> &#8594;</p><div><hr></div><h3><a href="https://fly.io/blog/youre-all-nuts/">Why AI Skeptics Are Missing the Point</a></h3><pre><code><code>In a candid take, Thomas Ptacek argues that AI skeptics are underestimating the impact of LLMs on software development, likening their skepticism to dismissing the internet in its early days. He highlights how LLMs can handle tedious coding tasks, freeing developers to focus on more meaningful work, and challenges the notion that AI-generated code is inherently inferior.</code></code></pre><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3><a href="https://flightaware.engineering/falsehoods-programmers-believe-about-aviation/">Common Misconceptions Programmers Have About Aviation</a></h3><pre><code><code>Think aviation data is straightforward? Think again! Discover the surprising falsehoods programmers often believe about flights, airports, and airlines, and how these misconceptions can lead to unexpected challenges in aviation software development.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://mjg59.dreamwidth.org/71646.html">Twitter's New Encrypted DMs: Still Not Secure Enough</a></h3><pre><code><code>Despite Twitter's recent launch of "XChat" with new encryption, the platform's DMs remain vulnerable, lacking forward secrecy and relying on a PIN system that can be easily compromised. The article suggests using Signal for truly secure messaging.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://www.ssp.sh/blog/self-host-self-independence/">Discover the Joy of Self-Hosting and Tech Independence</a></h3><pre><code><code>From setting up a home server to embracing open-source tools, learn how taking control of your tech can lead to greater independence and joy!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://www.danielfullstack.com/article/dns-does-not-have-to-be-hard">Mastering DNS: A Simple Guide to Understanding the Basics</a></h3><pre><code><code>Dive into the world of DNS and discover how this essential system maps domain names to IP addresses, making the internet function smoothly. This article breaks down the complexities of DNS architecture, records, and servers, offering a clear and engaging explanation that even ChatGPT might envy!</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://scalingintelligence.stanford.edu/blogs/tokasaurus/">tokasaurus</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover Tokasaurus, Stanford's latest LLM inference engine designed to handle high-throughput workloads with ease. This innovative tool outperforms existing engines by up to 3x, thanks to its dynamic prefix identification and async tensor parallelism. Dive into the details and see how Tokasaurus is setting new benchmarks in AI efficiency!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/hyperdxio/hyperdx">hyperdx</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover HyperDX, an open source observability platform that combines session replays, logs, metrics, traces, and errors, all powered by Clickhouse and OpenTelemetry, to help you resolve production issues faster than ever!</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_2400,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1200" height="579.6" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:false,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;large&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:1200,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-large" alt="" title="" 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h3><a href="https://softwaredoug.com/blog/2024/08/06/i-made-search-worse-elasticsearch">Why My Search Engine Fails Compared to Elasticsearch</a></h3><pre><code><code>Join the author in their humbling journey of creating a search engine that pales in comparison to Elasticsearch. Discover the technical intricacies and why real search engines like Elasticsearch are so efficient, while my side project, SearchArray, struggles with performance and relevance.</code></code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The Cost of AI in Code: Goodbye, Fingerspitzengefühl?]]></title><description><![CDATA[As we offload more to AI, we risk losing the subtle instincts that make great developers great.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/the-cost-of-ai-in-code-goodbye-fingerspitzengefu</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/the-cost-of-ai-in-code-goodbye-fingerspitzengefu</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:48:20 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kI3F!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94a85d25-d9b8-48f8-bc9d-5166c64bc47d_1080x1080.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kI3F!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94a85d25-d9b8-48f8-bc9d-5166c64bc47d_1080x1080.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kI3F!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94a85d25-d9b8-48f8-bc9d-5166c64bc47d_1080x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kI3F!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94a85d25-d9b8-48f8-bc9d-5166c64bc47d_1080x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kI3F!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94a85d25-d9b8-48f8-bc9d-5166c64bc47d_1080x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kI3F!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94a85d25-d9b8-48f8-bc9d-5166c64bc47d_1080x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kI3F!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94a85d25-d9b8-48f8-bc9d-5166c64bc47d_1080x1080.png" width="1080" height="1080" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/94a85d25-d9b8-48f8-bc9d-5166c64bc47d_1080x1080.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1080,&quot;width&quot;:1080,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:747752,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/i/165057537?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94a85d25-d9b8-48f8-bc9d-5166c64bc47d_1080x1080.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kI3F!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94a85d25-d9b8-48f8-bc9d-5166c64bc47d_1080x1080.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kI3F!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94a85d25-d9b8-48f8-bc9d-5166c64bc47d_1080x1080.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kI3F!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94a85d25-d9b8-48f8-bc9d-5166c64bc47d_1080x1080.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kI3F!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F94a85d25-d9b8-48f8-bc9d-5166c64bc47d_1080x1080.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>AI coding tools such as Cursor, Claude Code, and OpenAI&#8217;s Codex are transforming software development. They can generate, refactor, and even test code autonomously, significantly boosting productivity. For instance, Claude Code operates as a command-line interface, allowing developers to interact with their codebase through natural language prompts. Cursor, integrated into the IDE, offers real-time code suggestions and modifications.</p><p>At first, there were plenty of posts pushing back against AI-assisted coding. Then came the wave of acceptance &#8212; as deadlines loomed, co-workers got onboard, and the undeniable power of these tools became clear. Used well, they&#8217;re more than just hype &#8212; they&#8217;re a serious advantage.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>However, this surge in automation raises concerns about developers losing their <em><strong>Fingerspitzengef&#252;hl</strong></em>&#8212;the deep, intuitive understanding of code structures and system behaviors. As AI handles more routine tasks, developers might find themselves distanced from the underlying logic and architecture of their applications.<br><br>The term &#8220;vibe coding,&#8221; popularized by AI expert Andrej Karpathy, describes a programming approach where developers rely on AI to generate code based on high-level prompts, often without fully understanding the resulting output. While this method accelerates development, it can lead to a superficial grasp of the codebase, making debugging and maintenance more challenging.<br><br>A Reddit user reflected on this, stating:</p><blockquote><p>&#8220;It feels like if I&#8217;m using Cursor too much, my skills are dulling out and my output is far less consistent. AI does produce code that is generally decent, but it cannot really be trusted given the few hard to spot mines sprinkled in.&#8221;</p></blockquote><p>This sentiment underscores the risk of over-reliance on AI tools, where developers might become passive participants, merely overseeing AI-generated code without engaging deeply with it.</p><p><strong>Prompt First, Ask Questions Later</strong></p><p>We&#8217;re entering a golden age where engineers no longer need to write code &#8212; just &#8220;strategically utilize&#8221; the AI tools that write it for them. The suits love this. &#8220;Less execution, more imagination,&#8221; they say, while silently calculating how many fewer engineers they might need if everyone just vibed a little harder with their copilots.</p><p>Meanwhile, devs are out here nodding along, generating functions they don&#8217;t understand, in codebases they&#8217;ve never seen, whispering prompts like they&#8217;re casting spells. The result? Nobody knows how the system works, but hey &#8212; at least we&#8217;re being <em>imaginative</em>.<br><br><strong>Balancing Automation with Intuition</strong></p><p>To maintain <em>Fingerspitzengef&#252;hl</em> in the age of AI-assisted coding, developers might consider:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Active Engagement</strong>: Instead of accepting AI-generated code at face value, take time to review and understand it. This practice reinforces comprehension and uncovers potential issues early.</p></li><li><p><strong>Selective Automation</strong>: Use AI tools for repetitive or boilerplate code, but handle complex or critical components manually to retain a deep understanding.</p></li><li><p><strong>Continuous Learning</strong>: Stay updated with the latest in software architecture and system design to complement AI capabilities with human insight.</p></li><li><p><strong>Still Write Code:</strong> Just because LLMs can plan and coordinate doesn&#8217;t mean they should write everything. Let them handle the boring bits &#8212; get your hands a little dirty. </p></li></ul><p>Because at the end of the day, when the logs are on fire and the system&#8217;s melting down, it won&#8217;t be your copilot getting paged at 3am &#8212; it&#8217;ll be you. Might be worth knowing what the code actually does.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #96: Kobayashi Maru]]></title><description><![CDATA[Pinterest&#8217;s massive TypeScript migration, Instagram&#8217;s 1000-model scale-up, and Netflix&#8217;s clearer dialogue. Plus: breakthrough in algorithms, Merkle trees, and why humans still outthink AI.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-96-kobayashi-maru</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-96-kobayashi-maru</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 01 Jun 2025 17:16:13 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!prBU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F175651db-6ea0-4d0b-b4a3-a2d001969dab_4756x2929.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!prBU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F175651db-6ea0-4d0b-b4a3-a2d001969dab_4756x2929.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!prBU!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F175651db-6ea0-4d0b-b4a3-a2d001969dab_4756x2929.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!prBU!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F175651db-6ea0-4d0b-b4a3-a2d001969dab_4756x2929.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!prBU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F175651db-6ea0-4d0b-b4a3-a2d001969dab_4756x2929.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!prBU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F175651db-6ea0-4d0b-b4a3-a2d001969dab_4756x2929.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!prBU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F175651db-6ea0-4d0b-b4a3-a2d001969dab_4756x2929.jpeg" width="1456" height="897" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!prBU!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F175651db-6ea0-4d0b-b4a3-a2d001969dab_4756x2929.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!prBU!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F175651db-6ea0-4d0b-b4a3-a2d001969dab_4756x2929.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!prBU!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F175651db-6ea0-4d0b-b4a3-a2d001969dab_4756x2929.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!prBU!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F175651db-6ea0-4d0b-b4a3-a2d001969dab_4756x2929.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This week, learn how Pinterest migrated millions of lines of code to TypeScript, how Instagram scaled to 1000 ML models, and how Netflix is making dialogue clearer for everyone. Plus, explore a breakthrough in algorithm theory, dive into Merkle trees with Cursor, and discover why humans still outthink AI when it counts.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Spotlight: New Horizons in Theme Design </strong>Tired of rigid storefront templates? Horizon is <a href="http://shopify.com/editions/summer2025?utm_source=architecturenotes&amp;utm_medium=external&amp;utm_campaign=summer25edition-sustain&amp;utm_content=all-en-en">Shopify&#8217;s</a> newest first-party theme, offering drag-and-drop design freedom, seamless AI integration, and 10 stunning presets &#8212; so you can launch or upgrade a premium shopping experience without touching code.</p></blockquote><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://www.quantamagazine.org/for-algorithms-a-little-memory-outweighs-a-lot-of-time-20250521/">A New Era for Algorithms</a></h3><pre><code>Ryan Williams' groundbreaking proof reveals that a small amount of memory can be as powerful as a lot of time in computations, challenging long-held beliefs in computer science and offering a fresh perspective on the relationship between time and space in algorithms. This stunning result, the first progress in 50 years, could pave the way for solving one of the oldest open problems in the field!</code></pre><h3><a href="https://read.engineerscodex.com/p/how-cursor-indexes-codebases-fast">How Cursor Uses Merkle Trees to Speed Up Codebase Indexing</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Cursor, the AI IDE with a $300M ARR, leverages Merkle trees to efficiently index codebases, enabling fast updates and secure data handling. This article breaks down the process, from code chunking to embedding generation, and explains why Merkle trees are a game-changer for incremental updates and data integrity.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://medium.com/pinterest-engineering/migrating-3-7-million-lines-of-flow-code-to-typescript-8a836c88fea5">Pinterest's Massive Code Migration: From Flow to TypeScript</a></h3><pre><code>Pinterest successfully migrated 3.7 million lines of code from Flow to TypeScript in just eight months, enhancing type safety and developer experience. Discover how they tackled this monumental task, the challenges faced, and the benefits reaped, including their contributions to the open-source community!</code></pre><div><hr></div><h3><strong>Shopify Summer &#8217;25 Edition: New Horizons in Design and AI</strong></h3><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!laiA!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffdb1f20-5df3-442d-8a05-948bc854e669_1420x622.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!laiA!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffdb1f20-5df3-442d-8a05-948bc854e669_1420x622.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!laiA!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffdb1f20-5df3-442d-8a05-948bc854e669_1420x622.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!laiA!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffdb1f20-5df3-442d-8a05-948bc854e669_1420x622.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!laiA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffdb1f20-5df3-442d-8a05-948bc854e669_1420x622.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!laiA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffdb1f20-5df3-442d-8a05-948bc854e669_1420x622.png" width="1420" height="622" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ffdb1f20-5df3-442d-8a05-948bc854e669_1420x622.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:622,&quot;width&quot;:1420,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1026130,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/i/164944665?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffdb1f20-5df3-442d-8a05-948bc854e669_1420x622.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!laiA!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffdb1f20-5df3-442d-8a05-948bc854e669_1420x622.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!laiA!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffdb1f20-5df3-442d-8a05-948bc854e669_1420x622.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!laiA!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffdb1f20-5df3-442d-8a05-948bc854e669_1420x622.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!laiA!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fffdb1f20-5df3-442d-8a05-948bc854e669_1420x622.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>If you&#8217;re excited by cutting-edge design and intuitive customization, meet </em><strong>Horizon</strong> &#8211; <em><a href="http://shopify.com/editions/summer2025?utm_source=architecturenotes&amp;utm_medium=external&amp;utm_campaign=summer25edition-sustain&amp;utm_content=all-en-en">Shopify&#8217;s</a></em> <em>newest first-party theme. Horizon redefines what&#8217;s possible with drag-and-drop design freedom, seamless AI integration, and 10 stunning presets that are built to convert. Whether you&#8217;re launching a new brand or upgrading an existing storefront, Horizon gives you everything you need to craft a premium shopping experience &#8211; without touching a line of code.</em></p><p><strong>Now available to all Shopify plans.</strong></p><p><strong><a href="http://shopify.com/editions/summer2025?utm_source=architecturenotes&amp;utm_medium=external&amp;utm_campaign=summer25edition-sustain&amp;utm_content=all-en-en">Sign Up For Free</a></strong></p><div><hr></div><h3><a href="https://netflixtechblog.com/measuring-dialogue-intelligibility-for-netflix-content-58c13d2a6f6e">How Netflix Is Making Dialogue Easier to Understand</a></h3><pre><code><code>Netflix is tackling the common issue of unclear dialogue with its innovative Dialogue Integrity Pipeline, ensuring every word is heard as intended. Discover how they collaborate with industry leaders to develop cutting-edge tools that enhance dialogue clarity, making your viewing experience more immersive and enjoyable!</code></code></pre><h3></h3><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3></h3><h3><a href="https://engineering.fb.com/2025/05/21/production-engineering/journey-to-1000-models-scaling-instagrams-recommendation-system/">How Instagram Scaled Its Algorithm to 1000 Models Without Losing Quality</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Instagram managed to scale its recommendation system to over 1000 machine learning models while maintaining quality and reliability. This article dives into the challenges faced, the innovative solutions implemented, and the lessons learned in managing such a vast array of models, ensuring a seamless experience for billions of users.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://antirez.com/news/153">Why Human Coders Still Outshine AI in Problem Solving</a></h3><pre><code><code>In a fascinating exploration of human creativity versus AI, the author shares a personal coding challenge where human ingenuity outperformed a language model's suggestions. Despite AI's utility, the story highlights how human coders can think outside the box and devise innovative solutions that AI simply can't match yet. Dive into this engaging narrative to see how a complex bug was tackled with human creativity!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://www.uber.com/en-IN/blog/robust-database-backup-recovery-at-uber/">Inside Uber's Advanced Database Backup and Recovery System</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Uber's cutting-edge backup recovery system ensures business continuity by handling petabytes of data with ease. Learn about the challenges faced, the innovative solutions implemented, and how Uber's system can restore terabytes to petabytes of data in mere minutes!</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://github.com/kepano/defuddle">defuddle</a></h3><pre><code><code>Defuddle is a tool designed to clean up web pages by removing clutter like comments, sidebars, and headers, leaving only the main content. It's perfect for creating clean HTML documents and is a great alternative to Mozilla Readability, offering more consistent outputs and better metadata extraction. Check it out to see how it can enhance your web browsing experience!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/microsoft/qlib">qlib</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Qlib is revolutionizing Quant Research with AI, supporting diverse machine learning paradigms and automating the R&amp;D process with its new RD-Agent integration. Perfect for those looking to enhance their investment strategies with cutting-edge technology!</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, 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x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h3><a href="https://invariantlabs.ai/blog/mcp-github-vulnerability">Critical GitHub MCP Vulnerability Exposes Private Repositories</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how a critical vulnerability in GitHub's MCP server allows attackers to access private repository data through a malicious GitHub Issue. Learn about the concept of 'Toxic Agent Flows' and how Invariant's security analyzer detected this alarming flaw.</code></code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #95: Verticals]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, Explore OpenAI Codex in action, DoorDash&#8217;s AI-powered search evals, and the case for clever code.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-95-verticals</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-95-verticals</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 25 May 2025 16:33:12 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lyCp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3b9de932-f257-4e1d-99b5-2ede792b1de1_4756x2929.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lyCp!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3b9de932-f257-4e1d-99b5-2ede792b1de1_4756x2929.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lyCp!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3b9de932-f257-4e1d-99b5-2ede792b1de1_4756x2929.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lyCp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3b9de932-f257-4e1d-99b5-2ede792b1de1_4756x2929.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!lyCp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3b9de932-f257-4e1d-99b5-2ede792b1de1_4756x2929.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This week, go hands-on with OpenAI Codex and explore its chat-first approach to coding. See how DoorDash uses LLMs to evaluate search results in real time, and discover why clever code might be more valuable than you think.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Spotlight: Smarter Monetization for SaaS </strong>Tired of hard-coding pricing logic? <a href="https://schematichq.com/?utm_source=architecture-notes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=email_sponsorship">Schematic</a> makes entitlements a first-class primitive, so you can stop burying access rules in brittle conditionals and let the product teams take control.</p></blockquote><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://zackproser.com/blog/openai-codex-review">OpenAI Codex: A Hands-On Review</a></h3><pre><code>Dive into a hands-on review of OpenAI's Codex, exploring its potential to revolutionize workflows with its chat-first interface and GitHub integration. While it excels at handling multiple tasks in parallel, the review highlights areas for improvement, such as error handling and network connectivity in execution sandboxes. Discover whether Codex can unlock productivity gains for you!</code></pre><h3><a href="https://careersatdoordash.com/blog/doordash-llms-to-evaluate-search-result-pages/">How DoorDash Uses AI to Revolutionize Search Evaluation</a></h3><pre><code><code>Learn how DoorDash's AutoEval system, powered by large language models, transforms search result evaluations by providing scalable, accurate, and near-real-time assessments, outperforming traditional human annotations and enhancing efficiency across their platform!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/chatmcp/mcpso">Discover the Ultimate Directory for MCP Servers</a></h3><pre><code>Explore the MCP Directory, a comprehensive resource for finding awesome MCP servers, complete with a live preview and easy setup instructions. Whether you're a developer or just curious, this directory is your go-to guide for MCP server exploration!</code></pre><div><hr></div><h3><strong>Schematic: Modern Monetization Without the Hacks</strong></h3><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png" width="1200" height="630" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:630,&quot;width&quot;:1200,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:377290,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/i/164125400?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WBx!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa0ebc7ee-a48e-434b-80ac-c762cd6e2d26_1200x630.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Most SaaS products bury pricing logic deep in brittle conditionals &#8212; making it painful to evolve plans, manage trials, or run sales. Schematic fixes that by making entitlements a first-class primitive. Developers stop hard-coding access rules and start using entitlements.check() instead. Product and GTM teams take over from there, owning monetization without shipping code.</p><p>No more brittle logic. Just clean, flexible monetization.</p><p><a href="https://schematichq.com/?utm_source=architecture-notes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=email_sponsorship">Get Started With Schematic</a> &#8594;</p><div><hr></div><h3><a href="https://buttondown.com/hillelwayne/archive/write-the-most-clever-code-you-possibly-can/">Why Writing Clever Code Can Be a Good Thing</a></h3><pre><code><code>While clever code is often frowned upon, this article argues that it can be a valuable tool for skill development and problem-solving. Discover how writing clever code can push your boundaries and prepare you for those moments when a simple solution just won't cut it!</code></code></pre><h3></h3><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3></h3><h3><a href="https://lethain.com/providing-feedback-on-writing/">Streamlining Feedback: A Guide to Effective Document Review</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how to provide feedback that truly helps document authors, reducing the overhead of sharing widely and fostering better cross-team communication. Learn why focusing on the author's needs, rather than your own goals, is key to creating an environment where sharing is encouraged and beneficial for all.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://bernsteinbear.com/blog/pl-writing/">Mind-Blowing Reads That Changed My Programming Language Perspective</a></h3><pre><code><code>Max Bernstein shares a collection of transformative writings that reshaped his understanding of programming languages and compilers. From a simple semi-space collector to a Python interpreter written in Python, these articles and posts offer fresh insights and practical approaches that could change how you think about coding too!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://softwaredoug.com/blog/2021/02/21/what-is-a-judgment-list">Understanding Judgment Lists: A Key to Search Relevance</a></h3><pre><code><code>How judgment lists can transform search relevance evaluation from a subjective task into a systematic practice, providing a safety net for search teams to innovate without fear of breaking the system. Learn how these lists help rank search results effectively and explore the different methods of creating them.</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://www.fina.money/">fina</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Fina can revolutionize your financial tracking with its customizable, AI-powered features that make managing personal and business finances a breeze. Say goodbye to spreadsheets and hello to peace of mind!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/HelixDB/helix-db/">helixdb</a></h3><pre><code><code>HelixDB is a cutting-edge, open-source graph-vector database built in Rust, engineered for high-performance AI and RAG applications. With speeds up to 1000x faster than Neo4j, HelixDB is redefining how data is stored and retrieved. Explore its powerful features and discover how it can transform your data infrastructure.</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_2400,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1200" height="579.6" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:false,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;large&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:1200,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-large" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><h3><a href="https://hardcoresoftware.learningbyshipping.com/p/225-systems-ideas-that-sound-good">Why 'Let's Just' Ideas in Engineering Often Fail</a></h3><pre><code><code>Steven Sinofsky dives into why seemingly simple engineering solutions like 'let's just make it pluggable' or 'let's just add an API' often end up being more complex and problematic than anticipated. Discover the pitfalls of these common approaches and why they rarely work as intended.</code></code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #94: Rize]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, master caching, cut build times like Slack, explore email protocols, unlock distributed systems insights, and sharpen search relevance with judgment lists&#8212;all in one go!]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-94-rize</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-94-rize</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 27 Apr 2025 21:48:43 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7md6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a7e48ae-3511-4698-b3bd-e843345e8c0c_4756x2929.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7md6!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a7e48ae-3511-4698-b3bd-e843345e8c0c_4756x2929.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7md6!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a7e48ae-3511-4698-b3bd-e843345e8c0c_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7md6!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a7e48ae-3511-4698-b3bd-e843345e8c0c_4756x2929.png 848w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7md6!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a7e48ae-3511-4698-b3bd-e843345e8c0c_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7md6!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a7e48ae-3511-4698-b3bd-e843345e8c0c_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7md6!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a7e48ae-3511-4698-b3bd-e843345e8c0c_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!7md6!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3a7e48ae-3511-4698-b3bd-e843345e8c0c_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This week, master caching strategies in minutes, cut your build times like Slack, and dive into the secrets of email protocols. Plus, uncover key lessons from large-scale distributed systems and sharpen your search relevance skills with judgment lists.</p><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://blog.lohr.dev/imap-introduction">Mastering IMAP: A Simple Guide to Email Protocols</a></h3><pre><code>Dive into the world of email protocols with this guide on IMAP, and learn how to connect to your mailserver using simple commands. Discover the intricacies of email communication and how you can manage your inbox like a pro!</code></pre><h3><a href="https://www.swequiz.com/blog/every-caching-strategy-explained-in-5-minutes">Master Caching Strategies in Just 5 Minutes</a></h3><pre><code><code>Unlock the secrets of caching with this quick guide that breaks down five essential strategies, from Cache-Aside to Write-Behind, ensuring you never stumble in a system design interview again! Discover which approach suits your application's needs and boost your performance today.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://slack.engineering/speedup-e2e-testing/">How Slack Halved Their Build Times</a></h3><pre><code>Discover how Slack's DevXP team slashed build times by 50% by optimizing their E2E testing pipeline, saving time and resources with smarter build strategies and cached frontend assets!</code></pre><div><hr></div><h2><em><strong>Pointer: Essential Reading For Engineering Leaders</strong></em></h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kSs7!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0443bf03-5e6f-4e7c-a19d-21d0b1df8ea2_1536x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kSs7!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0443bf03-5e6f-4e7c-a19d-21d0b1df8ea2_1536x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kSs7!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0443bf03-5e6f-4e7c-a19d-21d0b1df8ea2_1536x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kSs7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0443bf03-5e6f-4e7c-a19d-21d0b1df8ea2_1536x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kSs7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0443bf03-5e6f-4e7c-a19d-21d0b1df8ea2_1536x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kSs7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0443bf03-5e6f-4e7c-a19d-21d0b1df8ea2_1536x1024.png" width="1456" height="971" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kSs7!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0443bf03-5e6f-4e7c-a19d-21d0b1df8ea2_1536x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kSs7!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0443bf03-5e6f-4e7c-a19d-21d0b1df8ea2_1536x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kSs7!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0443bf03-5e6f-4e7c-a19d-21d0b1df8ea2_1536x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!kSs7!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0443bf03-5e6f-4e7c-a19d-21d0b1df8ea2_1536x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>If you find Architecture Notes useful, check out <strong>Pointer</strong>. It&#8217;s essential reading for engineering leaders to hone in on improving their soft skills. Super high quality engineering-related content, only, with leadership writing and the latest engineering best practices to help you level up without the fluff.</em></p><p><em><strong><a href="https://c1902938.streaklinks.com/CZdiEGeHxzkO0VgIlQYRs19F/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pointer.io%2F%3Futm_source%3Darchitecture-notes%26utm_medium%3Dnewsletter">Sign Up For Free</a></strong></em></p><div><hr></div><h3><a href="https://www.16elt.com/2025/04/19/lessons-from-distributed-systems/">Key Insights from Building Large-Scale Distributed Systems</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover the crucial lessons learned from developing and maintaining large distributed systems, including the importance of designing for failure, managing cache clusters, and ensuring idempotency to prevent duplicate processing. These insights can help you navigate the complexities of scaling your architecture beyond a single container.</code></code></pre><h3></h3><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3></h3><h3><a href="https://techhub.iodigital.com/articles/refactoring-gone-wild-avoiding-code-smells-and-cleaning-up-the-mess">Refactoring Gone Wild: Transforming Code Smells Into Clean Code</a></h3><pre><code><code>Ever found yourself tangled in a web of messy, hard-to-maintain code? Discover how to identify and refactor common coding pitfalls into clean, elegant, and self-explanatory code using Kotlin's powerful features. Say goodbye to the 'Pyramid of Doom' and 'Mystery Parameters' and hello to a more readable and maintainable codebase!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://www.propel.app/insights/building-a-snap-llm-eval-part-1/">How AI Models Are Evaluated for SNAP Benefits</a></h3><pre><code><code>Dive into the process of building an evaluation to test AI models on SNAP (food stamp) program prompts. Discover how these evaluations can improve AI's performance in crucial areas like safety net benefits, and why sharing these insights can help others tackle similar challenges in healthcare, disability benefits, and more!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://softwaredoug.com/blog/2021/02/21/what-is-a-judgment-list">Understanding Judgment Lists: A Key to Search Relevance</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how judgment lists can transform search relevance evaluation from a subjective task into a systematic practice, providing a safety net for search teams to innovate without fear of breaking the system. Learn how these lists help rank search results effectively and explore the different methods of creating them.</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://github.com/hatchet-dev/hatchet">hatchet</a></h3><pre><code><code>Sniffnet is a cross-platform, intuitive tool that lets you comfortably monitor your internet traffic. With support for multiple languages and a user-friendly interface, it's a must-have for anyone looking to keep an eye on their network activity!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/TecharoHQ/anubis">anubis</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Anubis uses proof-of-work to 'weigh the soul' of incoming HTTP requests, effectively blocking AI crawlers and protecting your web resources!</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_2400,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1200" height="579.6" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:false,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;large&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:1200,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-large" alt="" title="" 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BOZ2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96381bc7-ed35-44c4-8d4d-2846414059ef_1532x2162.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BOZ2!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96381bc7-ed35-44c4-8d4d-2846414059ef_1532x2162.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BOZ2!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96381bc7-ed35-44c4-8d4d-2846414059ef_1532x2162.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BOZ2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96381bc7-ed35-44c4-8d4d-2846414059ef_1532x2162.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BOZ2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96381bc7-ed35-44c4-8d4d-2846414059ef_1532x2162.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!BOZ2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96381bc7-ed35-44c4-8d4d-2846414059ef_1532x2162.png" width="728" height="1027.5" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/96381bc7-ed35-44c4-8d4d-2846414059ef_1532x2162.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:false,&quot;imageSize&quot;:&quot;normal&quot;,&quot;height&quot;:2055,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:728,&quot;bytes&quot;:888875,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/i/162285604?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F96381bc7-ed35-44c4-8d4d-2846414059ef_1532x2162.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3></h3>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #93: Flexible]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, explore how AI is transforming software development, uncover hidden pitfalls in REST API design, and dive into the secrets of log search engine speed.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-93-flexible</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-93-flexible</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 09 Feb 2025 16:39:17 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vvx5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5629ff3c-6814-4f18-8b43-ba5d27b9724e_4756x2929.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vvx5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5629ff3c-6814-4f18-8b43-ba5d27b9724e_4756x2929.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vvx5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5629ff3c-6814-4f18-8b43-ba5d27b9724e_4756x2929.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vvx5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5629ff3c-6814-4f18-8b43-ba5d27b9724e_4756x2929.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vvx5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5629ff3c-6814-4f18-8b43-ba5d27b9724e_4756x2929.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vvx5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5629ff3c-6814-4f18-8b43-ba5d27b9724e_4756x2929.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vvx5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5629ff3c-6814-4f18-8b43-ba5d27b9724e_4756x2929.jpeg" width="1456" height="897" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/5629ff3c-6814-4f18-8b43-ba5d27b9724e_4756x2929.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:897,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1538922,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vvx5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5629ff3c-6814-4f18-8b43-ba5d27b9724e_4756x2929.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vvx5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5629ff3c-6814-4f18-8b43-ba5d27b9724e_4756x2929.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vvx5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5629ff3c-6814-4f18-8b43-ba5d27b9724e_4756x2929.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Vvx5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5629ff3c-6814-4f18-8b43-ba5d27b9724e_4756x2929.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" 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y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This week, explore how AI is transforming software development, uncover hidden pitfalls in REST API design, and dive into the secrets of log search engine speed. Plus, learn how in-app ads secretly track your location and why software quality is in alarming decline.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Spotlight</strong>: Start selling to enterprises with a few lines of code. <a href="https://workos.com/?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q42024">WorkOS</a> is a modern identity platform for B2B SaaS, offering flexible, easy-to-use APIs to integrate SSO, SCIM, and FGA in minutes instead of months. It's used by hundreds of the fastest growing companies in the world like Cursor, Vercel, and Perplexity.</p></blockquote><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://www.seangoedecke.com/how-i-use-llms/">How I Leverage AI as a Staff Engineer</a></h3><pre><code>Discover how a staff engineer uses AI to boost productivity, from smart autocompletes to learning new domains, and why he believes many are "holding it wrong." He would wouldn't he. </code></pre><h3><a href="https://timsh.org/tracking-myself-down-through-in-app-ads/">How In-App Ads Secretly Track Your Location</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how over 2000 apps are secretly collecting your geolocation data without consent, and how one researcher attempted to track himself using this leaked data. Learn about the surprising role of Unity Ads and Facebook in this data collection process, and the shocking ease with which your personal information can be bought and sold!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://www.sergey.fyi/articles/gemini-flash-2">How Gemini 2.0 Revolutionizes PDF Ingestion</a></h3><pre><code>Parsing and chunking PDFs for AI applications has long been costly and unreliable&#8212;until now. With near-perfect OCR accuracy and unmatched affordability, Gemini Flash 2.0 is redefining large-scale document ingestion, making LLM-powered pipelines cheaper and more scalable than ever. </code></pre><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Unlock Enterprise Revenue Without the Hassle</strong></h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic" width="1456" height="837" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:837,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:146757,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Single Sign-On, Directory Sync (SCIM), Audit Logs, Fine-Grained Authorization &#8212; these are essential features when selling to enterprises. The problem is that building and maintaining them requires significant resources and can result in over <a href="https://workos.com/blog/build-vs-buy-part-ii-roi-comparison-between-homegrown-and-pre-built-solutions/?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q42024">$8M in lost revenue</a>. </p><p><a href="https://workos.com/?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q42024">WorkOS</a> simplifies this process with easy-to-use APIs that help you integrate complex enterprise features into your app in minutes. It's the fastest way to go upmarket while allowing your engineers to focus on building the core product.</p><div><hr></div><h3><a href="https://github.com/stickfigure/blog/wiki/How-to-%28and-how-not-to%29-design-REST-APIs">Mastering REST API Design: Dos and Don'ts</a></h3><pre><code><code>Dive into the world of REST API design with this insightful guide that highlights common pitfalls and best practices. From avoiding pedantic REST definitions to using plural nouns for collections, this article is packed with practical advice and humorous critiques of widely-used APIs. Don't miss out on these essential tips to refine your API design skills!</code></code></pre><h3></h3><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3></h3><h3><a href="https://cefboud.com/posts/image-formats/">Unveiling the Secrets of Image Storage</a></h3><pre><code><code>Dive into the fascinating world of image storage with Moncef Abboud as he explores the complexities beyond simple RGB values, revealing how images are truly stored and the role of compression in making high-quality streaming possible. Discover the intricacies of formats like GIF and the magic behind those animated memes we all love!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://blog.nelhage.com/post/personal-software-with-claude/">How Claude Revolutionized My Personal Software Development</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Claude, an AI tool, helped transform a sluggish Emacs package into a lightning-fast Rust program, reducing execution time from 90 seconds to just 15 milliseconds! This experience reshaped my views on AI's role in software engineering, showcasing its potential to handle complex coding tasks with minimal human input.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://n0rdy.foo/posts/20250131/when-postgres-index-meets-bcrypt/">Unraveling Postgres Index and Bcrypt Performance Mystery</a></h3><pre><code><code>Dive into the intriguing case of a performance bottleneck caused by the interplay of Postgres indexing and Bcrypt hashing. Discover how a seemingly straightforward database query turned into a 15-second ordeal, and learn the surprising role of Bcrypt's random salt in this tech detective story!</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://github.com/GyulyVGC/sniffnet">sniffnet</a></h3><pre><code><code>Sniffnet is a cross-platform, intuitive tool that lets you comfortably monitor your internet traffic. With support for multiple languages and a user-friendly interface, it's a must-have for anyone looking to keep an eye on their network activity!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/mierau/hotline">hotline</a></h3><pre><code><code>Dive into the world of Hotline, a nostalgic online community platform from 1997, now reimagined for modern Apple systems with Swift and SwiftUI. Discover how this open-source project aims to bring back the charm of the original Hotline experience on your Mac, iOS, and iPadOS devices!</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1000" height="483" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3><a href="https://fly.io/blog/vscode-ssh-wtf/">VSCode's SSH Agent: A Wild Ride</a></h3><pre><code>Discover why VSCode's SSH agent is causing a stir with its full-scale remote editing capabilities, including filesystem access and shell process launching, and why it might make you nervous about security!</code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #92: Lemon]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, dive into how Let&#8217;s Encrypt scaled to handle a billion certificates, uncover Uber&#8217;s MySQL strategies for powering billions of rides, and explore why dependency management shift.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-92-lemon</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-92-lemon</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 02 Feb 2025 18:54:13 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!k7Yl!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ce25c0-399b-419b-982e-b7f47405a637_4756x2929.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!k7Yl!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ce25c0-399b-419b-982e-b7f47405a637_4756x2929.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!k7Yl!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ce25c0-399b-419b-982e-b7f47405a637_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!k7Yl!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ce25c0-399b-419b-982e-b7f47405a637_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!k7Yl!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ce25c0-399b-419b-982e-b7f47405a637_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!k7Yl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ce25c0-399b-419b-982e-b7f47405a637_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!k7Yl!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F03ce25c0-399b-419b-982e-b7f47405a637_4756x2929.png" width="1456" height="897" 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stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This week, dive into how Let&#8217;s Encrypt scaled to handle a billion certificates, uncover Uber&#8217;s MySQL strategies for powering billions of rides, and explore why dependency management needs a major shift.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Spotlight</strong>: Start selling to enterprises with a few lines of code. <a href="https://workos.com/?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q42024">WorkOS</a> is a modern identity platform for B2B SaaS, offering flexible, easy-to-use APIs to integrate SSO, SCIM, and FGA in minutes instead of months. It's used by hundreds of the fastest growing companies in the world like Cursor, Vercel, and Perplexity.</p></blockquote><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://phase.dev/blog/docker-compose-secrets/">Mastering Secret Management in Docker Compose</a></h3><pre><code>Discover how to securely manage secrets in Docker Compose for production deployments, avoiding common pitfalls like hardcoding secrets in environment variables. This guide walks you through best practices and more secure configurations to protect your sensitive data!</code></pre><h3><a href="https://letsencrypt.org/2025/01/30/scaling-rate-limits/">How Let's Encrypt Is Scaling for a Billion Certificates</a></h3><pre><code>Discover how Let's Encrypt revamped its rate limiting system using Redis and the Generic Cell Rate Algorithm to handle over a billion active certificates, ensuring faster, smoother, and more scalable operations. Learn about the challenges they faced and the innovative solutions that improved database health and reduced latency.</code></pre><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Unlock Enterprise Revenue Without the Hassle</strong></h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic" width="1456" height="837" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:837,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:146757,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Single Sign-On, Directory Sync (SCIM), Audit Logs, Fine-Grained Authorization &#8212; these are essential features when selling to enterprises. The problem is that building and maintaining them requires significant resources and can result in over <a href="https://workos.com/blog/build-vs-buy-part-ii-roi-comparison-between-homegrown-and-pre-built-solutions/?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q42024">$8M in lost revenue</a>. </p><p><a href="https://workos.com/?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q42024">WorkOS</a> simplifies this process with easy-to-use APIs that help you integrate complex enterprise features into your app in minutes. It's the fastest way to go upmarket while allowing your engineers to focus on building the core product.</p><div><hr></div><h3><a href="https://www.instantdb.com/essays/pg_upgrade">How We Upgraded Postgres with Zero Downtime</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Instant managed to upgrade their Aurora Postgres instance to a new major version without any downtime! Learn from their journey, including the challenges they faced, the strategies they employed, and the innovative algorithm they used to ensure a seamless transition.</code></code></pre><h3></h3><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3></h3><h3><a href="https://www.uber.com/en-IN/blog/mysql-at-uber/">How Uber Uses MySQL to Power Its Platform</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Uber leverages MySQL to handle billions of rides and transactions efficiently. This article dives into the technical strategies and innovations that keep Uber's data operations running smoothly!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://evanhahn.com/my-failed-attempt-to-shrink-all-npm-packages-by-5-percent/">Why My Plan to Shrink npm Packages by 5% Didn't Work Out</a></h3><pre><code><code>Evan Hahn shares his journey of trying to reduce npm package sizes by 5% using Zopfli compression, only to find that the trade-offs, like slower publishing times and integration challenges, outweighed the benefits. Despite the setback, he learned valuable lessons about proposal processes and the complexities of seemingly simple optimizations.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://lucumr.pocoo.org/2025/1/24/build-it-yourself/">Why We Need a Vibe Shift in Dependency Management</a></h3><pre><code><code>Armin Ronacher argues for a shift in how developers handle dependencies, advocating for writing code yourself to avoid the endless cycle of updates and security issues. He highlights the absurdity of dependency churn, using examples like the terminal-size crate, and calls for celebrating minimal dependencies and stable code.</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/khi">khi</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Kubernetes History Inspector (KHI) transforms your Kubernetes logs into an interactive timeline, making troubleshooting complex issues a breeze without any extra setup! Dive into its powerful features like effortless log collection and comprehensive visualization.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/exo-explore/exo">exo</a></h3><pre><code><code>Transform your everyday gadgets into a powerful AI cluster with Exo! Forget expensive GPUs&#8212;run complex models like LLaMA and Mistral on your iPhone, Android, or even a Raspberry Pi. This experimental software unlocks AI computing on the devices you already own. Join a community of innovators, push the limits, and help shape the future of distributed AI!</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1000" height="483" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3><a href="https://github.com/seemoo-lab/openhaystack">Create Your Own Bluetooth Trackers </a></h3><pre><code>OpenHaystack lets you turn any Bluetooth-capable device into a personal tracker using Apple's Find My network. Discover how you can track your belongings globally without cellular coverage, leveraging nearby iPhones to update locations!</code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #91: Containers]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week: Uncover AVX-512&#8217;s search speed, Dropbox&#8217;s messaging evolution, and GitHub Actions&#8217; CI/CD flaws.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-91-containers</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-91-containers</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 26 Jan 2025 17:57:54 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N4bc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8e391f3-c7d7-411e-831b-fbe7d9f9c375_4756x2929.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N4bc!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8e391f3-c7d7-411e-831b-fbe7d9f9c375_4756x2929.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N4bc!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8e391f3-c7d7-411e-831b-fbe7d9f9c375_4756x2929.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N4bc!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8e391f3-c7d7-411e-831b-fbe7d9f9c375_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N4bc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8e391f3-c7d7-411e-831b-fbe7d9f9c375_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N4bc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8e391f3-c7d7-411e-831b-fbe7d9f9c375_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N4bc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8e391f3-c7d7-411e-831b-fbe7d9f9c375_4756x2929.png" width="1456" height="897" 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N4bc!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8e391f3-c7d7-411e-831b-fbe7d9f9c375_4756x2929.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N4bc!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8e391f3-c7d7-411e-831b-fbe7d9f9c375_4756x2929.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!N4bc!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd8e391f3-c7d7-411e-831b-fbe7d9f9c375_4756x2929.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This week, uncover the secrets behind a blazing-fast phrase search with AVX-512, dive into Dropbox&#8217;s infrastructure revolution with its messaging system model, and explore why GitHub Actions might not be the best fit for your team&#8217;s CI/CD needs. Plus, don&#8217;t miss a game-changing tool for lightning-fast builds with Wild!</p><blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Spotlight: Ace Your DevOps Interview: </strong>Getting ready for a DevOps interview? <a href="https://labs.iximiuz.com">iximiuz Labs</a> is your go-to resource for practical learning. Dive into topics like <strong>Linux</strong>, <strong>networking</strong>, <strong>containers</strong>, and <strong>Kubernetes</strong>, all while tackling hands-on challenges designed to solidify your skills. With its comprehensive approach, <a href="https://labs.iximiuz.com">iximiuz labs</a> ensures you&#8217;re well-prepared for any DevOps interview.</p></blockquote><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://gab-menezes.github.io/2025/01/13/using-the-most-unhinged-avx-512-instruction-to-make-the-fastest-phrase-search-algo.html">Unleashing AVX-512 for Blazing-Fast Phrase Search</a></h3><pre><code>Discover how Meta's Threads team maintained the app's performance during its incredible growth, from being the fastest-growing app in history to now boasting over 300 million monthly international users. The article dives into how they measure performance at scale, strategies for improving publish reliability and navigation latency, and the adoption of Swift Concurrency for more stable code.</code></pre><h3><a href="https://blog.raed.dev/posts/framework-fatigue-the-real-reason-developers-get-angry-about-new-tech">Framework Fatigue</a></h3><pre><code>Developers are feeling overwhelmed by the constant influx of new JavaScript frameworks, each promising to be faster and better, but adding complexity and steep learning curves. The real frustration stems from concerns about employability, as developers fear today's optional tech will become tomorrow's job requirement.</code></pre><h3><a href="https://etiand.re/posts/2025/01/how-to-decode-audio-streams-in-c-cpp-using-libav/">Demystifying Audio Stream Decoding with libav in C/C++</a></h3><pre><code>Dive into the world of audio processing with this comprehensive guide on using ffmpeg's libav libraries in C/C++. Learn how to decode audio streams, handle various audio formats, and efficiently process audio data using FIFO queues. Perfect for those looking to master the intricacies of audio stream decoding!</code></pre><div><hr></div><h2>Level Up Your DevOps Game with iximiuz Labs</h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tQXJ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c70249d-0c6a-4df8-8e5b-979a324cd9ae_2480x860.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tQXJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c70249d-0c6a-4df8-8e5b-979a324cd9ae_2480x860.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tQXJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c70249d-0c6a-4df8-8e5b-979a324cd9ae_2480x860.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tQXJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c70249d-0c6a-4df8-8e5b-979a324cd9ae_2480x860.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tQXJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c70249d-0c6a-4df8-8e5b-979a324cd9ae_2480x860.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tQXJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c70249d-0c6a-4df8-8e5b-979a324cd9ae_2480x860.png" width="1456" height="505" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0c70249d-0c6a-4df8-8e5b-979a324cd9ae_2480x860.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:505,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:195668,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tQXJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c70249d-0c6a-4df8-8e5b-979a324cd9ae_2480x860.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tQXJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c70249d-0c6a-4df8-8e5b-979a324cd9ae_2480x860.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tQXJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c70249d-0c6a-4df8-8e5b-979a324cd9ae_2480x860.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!tQXJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0c70249d-0c6a-4df8-8e5b-979a324cd9ae_2480x860.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Preparing for a DevOps interview? <strong>iximiuz Labs</strong> is the ultimate resource to help you succeed. Dive into in-depth courses on <strong>Linux</strong>, <strong>networking</strong>, <strong>containers</strong>, and <strong>Kubernetes</strong>, paired with hands-on challenges designed to sharpen your skills.</p><p>Whether you&#8217;re just starting out or looking to refine your expertise, iximiuz Labs gives you the tools and confidence to stand out in any DevOps interview. Ready to take the next step? Start practicing today at <a href="https://labs.iximiuz.com">iximiuz Labs</a>.</p><div><hr></div><h3><a href="https://github.com/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-R1">DeepSeek-R1: Revolutionizing AI Reasoning with New Models</a></h3><pre><code><code>DeepSeek-R1 and its predecessor, DeepSeek-R1-Zero, are setting new benchmarks in AI reasoning by leveraging large-scale reinforcement learning without the need for supervised fine-tuning. These models not only outperform existing solutions like OpenAI-o1 in various tasks but also offer open-source access to the research community, promising a leap forward in developing smaller, more efficient models.</code></code></pre><h3></h3><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3></h3><h3><a href="https://ssno.cc/posts/reversing-tac-1-4-2025/">Inside Call of Duty's Anti-Cheat: A Deep Dive</a></h3><pre><code><code>Dive into the intricate world of Call of Duty's anti-cheat system, TAC, and discover how it protects the game from cheaters. From obfuscation tools like Arxan to debug register checks, this article reveals the complex layers of security that keep the game fair. Uncover the secrets behind API hook detection and the clever tactics used to thwart cheaters!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://ninkovic.dev/blog/2025/think-twice-before-using-github-actions">Why GitHub Actions May Not Suit Your Team</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover the challenges of using GitHub Actions for a monorepo setup, including the tricky 'required checks' issue that can block pull requests, and the cumbersome management of complex workflows. With GitHub's lack of responsiveness to these issues, it might be time to explore other CI/CD options!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://dropbox.tech/infrastructure/infrastructure-messaging-system-model-async-platform-evolution">How Dropbox Revolutionized Its Infrastructure with Messaging System Model</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover how Dropbox's new messaging system model transformed its infrastructure, enabling seamless orchestration of over 30 million tasks per minute and supporting 400+ product use cases. This evolution not only tackled scalability and reliability issues but also paved the way for future AI innovations!</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://github.com/davidlattimore/wild">wild</a></h3><pre><code><code>Wild is a new linker for Linux that promises lightning-fast build times for developers, especially during iterative development. While it doesn't yet support incremental linking, it's already outperforming many established linkers in speed tests. Perfect for developers on x86-64 Linux looking to speed up their build process!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/meta-llama/llama-stack">llama stack</a></h3><pre><code><code>Llama Stack offers a unified API layer and plugin architecture to simplify AI app development, providing prepackaged distributions and multiple developer interfaces for seamless deployment across environments. Dive into the robust ecosystem that empowers developers to focus on building transformative AI applications!</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1000" height="483" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3><a href="https://www.seangoedecke.com/predators/">How To Protect Your Time From Big Tech Predators</a></h3><pre><code>In the fast-paced world of big tech, your time is a hot commodity, and not everyone has your best interests at heart! Learn how to identify and guard against 'predators' who seek to exploit your skills without offering anything in return.</code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #90: Halt]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, explore resilience lessons from Canva&#8217;s outage, the uv package manager simplifying Python scripting, building your own data center, and game-changing test-driven development with LLMs.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-90-halt</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-90-halt</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 19 Jan 2025 16:22:03 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0iRz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3d1b765f-f352-4c0f-bf99-792676643c4e_4756x2929.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0iRz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3d1b765f-f352-4c0f-bf99-792676643c4e_4756x2929.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0iRz!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3d1b765f-f352-4c0f-bf99-792676643c4e_4756x2929.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0iRz!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3d1b765f-f352-4c0f-bf99-792676643c4e_4756x2929.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0iRz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3d1b765f-f352-4c0f-bf99-792676643c4e_4756x2929.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0iRz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3d1b765f-f352-4c0f-bf99-792676643c4e_4756x2929.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0iRz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3d1b765f-f352-4c0f-bf99-792676643c4e_4756x2929.jpeg" width="1456" height="897" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/3d1b765f-f352-4c0f-bf99-792676643c4e_4756x2929.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:897,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1404821,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0iRz!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3d1b765f-f352-4c0f-bf99-792676643c4e_4756x2929.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0iRz!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3d1b765f-f352-4c0f-bf99-792676643c4e_4756x2929.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0iRz!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3d1b765f-f352-4c0f-bf99-792676643c4e_4756x2929.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0iRz!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F3d1b765f-f352-4c0f-bf99-792676643c4e_4756x2929.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This week, explore resilience lessons from Canva&#8217;s recent outage, discover the simplicity of the uv package manager that&#8217;s transforming Python scripting, and uncover the essentials of building your own data center. Plus, dive into a game-changing approach to test-driven development with large language models for more reliable and efficient coding.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Spotlight</strong>: Start selling to enterprises with a few lines of code. <a href="https://workos.com/?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q42024">WorkOS</a> is a modern identity platform for B2B SaaS, offering flexible, easy-to-use APIs to integrate SSO, SCIM, and FGA in minutes instead of months. It's used by hundreds of the fastest growing companies in the world like Cursor, Vercel, and Perplexity.</p></blockquote><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://p.migdal.pl/blog/2025/01/dont-use-cosine-similarity">Don't use cosine similarity carelessly</a></h3><pre><code>Discover how Meta's Threads team maintained the app's performance during its incredible growth, from being the fastest-growing app in history to now boasting over 300 million monthly international users. The article dives into how they measure performance at scale, strategies for improving publish reliability and navigation latency, and the adoption of Swift Concurrency for more stable code.</code></pre><h3><a href="https://blog.yfzhou.fyi/posts/tdd-llm/">Test-Driven Development with an LLM for Fun and Profit and Profit Basics</a></h3><pre><code>Discover how integrating Test-Driven Development (TDD) with a Large Language Model (LLM) can revolutionize your coding process. This post explores the potential of combining these tools to create a framework that not only improves reliability but also fundamentally changes the economics of TDD.</code></pre><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Unlock Enterprise Revenue Without the Hassle</strong></h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic" width="1456" height="837" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:837,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:146757,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Single Sign-On, Directory Sync (SCIM), Audit Logs, Fine-Grained Authorization &#8212; these are essential features when selling to enterprises. The problem is that building and maintaining them requires significant resources and can result in over <a href="https://workos.com/blog/build-vs-buy-part-ii-roi-comparison-between-homegrown-and-pre-built-solutions/?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q42024">$8M in lost revenue</a>. </p><p><a href="https://workos.com/?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q42024">WorkOS</a> simplifies this process with easy-to-use APIs that help you integrate complex enterprise features into your app in minutes. It's the fastest way to go upmarket while allowing your engineers to focus on building the core product.</p><div><hr></div><h3><strong><a href="https://surfingcomplexity.blog/2024/12/21/the-canva-outage-another-tale-of-saturation-and-resilience/">Saturation and Resilience: Canva Outage</a></strong></h3><pre><code><code>Surf the wave of complexity with this in-depth analysis of the Canva outage, a story of system saturation and resilience. Discover how the incident was not triggered by a bug in the code but by system behavior that was not prepared to handle the load, leading to an enlightening exploration of system robustness, resilience, and the importance of human operators in managing crises.</code></code></pre><h3></h3><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3></h3><h3><a href="https://mattsayar.com/why-does-cloudflare-pages-have-such-a-generous-free-tier/">How is cloudflare so free?</a></h3><pre><code><code>Can SQLite get any faster? Yes, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Helsinki and Cambridge, who used asynchronous I/O and storage disaggregation to speed up SQLite, reducing tail latency by up to 100 times! Dive into the details of this groundbreaking study and its implications for serverless and edge computing.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://valatka.dev/2025/01/12/on-killer-uv-feature.html">uv Has a Killer Feature</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover the unique feature that sets the uv package manager apart from the rest in Python scripting. Say goodbye to the cumbersome process of pulling in a dependency, uv simplifies it all down to one command, leaving no trace behind. Now that's what we call a game-changer!</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://blog.railway.com/p/data-center-build-part-one">So You Want to Build Your Own Data Center</a></h3><pre><code><code>"Building a data center is probably closer to building a house than to deploying a Terraform stack." This article takes you on Railway's journey of building its own physical infrastructure, from finding the right space, dealing with power and cooling costs, to the complexities of cabling and network configuration. A must-read if you're considering going "infra-less"!</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://github.com/KusionStack/karpor">karpor</a></h3><pre><code><code>Karpor, a promising Kubernetes Visualization Tool for Developer and Platform Engineering teams. Offering advanced search, insight, and AI features, Karpor enhances visibility into your Kubernetes clusters across any clouds.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/browserbase/stagehand">stagehand</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discover the simplicity and extensibility of Stagehand, an AI web browsing framework that's taking the tech world by storm. This piece offers an in-depth exploration of its features, and how it adds determinism to unpredictable agents, making your web automation workflows durable, self-healing and repeatable.</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1000" height="483" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, 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stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3><a href="https://lukaspetersson.com/blog/2025/bitter-vertical/">History Repeats Itself</a></h3><pre><code>"Visualizing Concurrency: A Journey Through State Space" is a blog post that breaks down the complex concept of concurrent programming. Waqas Younas uses visual aids and practical examples to explain how to visualize the execution of a sequential program, move on to a concurrent one, and reason about the correctness of concurrent programs. This post serves as an invaluable resource for those looking to deepen their understanding of concurrent programming and model checking.</code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #89: Land]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, discover how Threads scaled for 300M+ users, master advanced Git commands, and explore innovations making SQLite 100x faster for serverless and edge computing]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-89-land</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-89-land</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 12 Jan 2025 17:28:35 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ox_L!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6e09fff-86cc-462f-b64e-361666b05ddf_4756x2929.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ox_L!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6e09fff-86cc-462f-b64e-361666b05ddf_4756x2929.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ox_L!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6e09fff-86cc-462f-b64e-361666b05ddf_4756x2929.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ox_L!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6e09fff-86cc-462f-b64e-361666b05ddf_4756x2929.heic 848w, 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stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This week, uncover how Meta&#8217;s Threads team scaled performance for 300M+ users, optimize your Git workflow with advanced commands, and explore groundbreaking innovations to make SQLite 100x faster for serverless and edge computing.</p><blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Spotlight</strong>: Start selling to enterprises with a few lines of code. <a href="https://workos.com/?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q42024">WorkOS</a> is a modern identity platform for B2B SaaS, offering flexible, easy-to-use APIs to integrate SSO, SCIM, and FGA in minutes instead of months. It's used by hundreds of the fastest growing companies in the world like Cursor, Vercel, and Perplexity.</p></blockquote><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://engineering.fb.com/2024/12/18/ios/how-we-think-about-threads-ios-performance/">How we think about Threads' iOS performance</a></h3><pre><code>Discover how Meta's Threads team maintained the app's performance during its incredible growth, from being the fastest-growing app in history to now boasting over 300 million monthly international users. The article dives into how they measure performance at scale, strategies for improving publish reliability and navigation latency, and the adoption of Swift Concurrency for more stable code.</code></pre><h3><a href="https://4zm.org/2024/12/18/git-beyond-the-basics.html">Git - Beyond the Basics</a></h3><pre><code>Delving deeper into Git, this article guides us through less-explored features and commands that could significantly enhance your Git experience. Learn about `git maintenance`, `worktree`, color-coding your Git Bash, and more; this read is a treasure trove for those looking to master Git beyond the basics!</code></pre><h3><a href="https://purplesyringa.moe/blog/the-ram-myth/">The RAM myth</a></h3><pre><code><code>"Breaking the RAM Myth: Optimizing Data Sharding" - This article dives into the common misconception of modern computer memory acting like perfect random-access memory and introduces a more efficient way of sharding data. The author presents a series of coding examples and optimizations to debunk the myth and help increase your data processing speed.</code></code></pre><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Unlock Enterprise Revenue Without the Hassle</strong></h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic" width="1456" height="837" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:837,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:146757,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Single Sign-On, Directory Sync (SCIM), Audit Logs, Fine-Grained Authorization &#8212; these are essential features when selling to enterprises. The problem is that building and maintaining them requires significant resources and can result in over <a href="https://workos.com/blog/build-vs-buy-part-ii-roi-comparison-between-homegrown-and-pre-built-solutions/?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q42024">$8M in lost revenue</a>. </p><p><a href="https://workos.com/?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q42024">WorkOS</a> simplifies this process with easy-to-use APIs that help you integrate complex enterprise features into your app in minutes. It's the fastest way to go upmarket while allowing your engineers to focus on building the core product.</p><div><hr></div><h3><strong><a href="https://www.cultured.systems/2024/04/24/Soft-delete/">Avoiding the soft delete anti-pattern</a></strong></h3><pre><code><code>"Avoiding the soft delete anti-pattern" This article dives into the pitfalls of soft deletion in databases, arguing that it can lead to complexity and confusion. Offering four alternatives - hard deletion, lifecycle consideration, temporal tables, and data warehousing - the author challenges the conventional wisdom, urging us to rethink our approach to data permanence.</code></code></pre><h3></h3><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3></h3><h3><a href="https://avi.im/blag/2024/faster-sqlite/">In search of a faster SQLite</a></h3><pre><code><code>Can SQLite get any faster? Yes, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Helsinki and Cambridge, who used asynchronous I/O and storage disaggregation to speed up SQLite, reducing tail latency by up to 100 times! Dive into the details of this groundbreaking study and its implications for serverless and edge computing.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://kyle.cascade.family/posts/how-to-actually-migrate-complex-systems-in-infrastructure/">How to Actually Migrate Complex Systems in Infrastructure</a></h3><pre><code><code>How to Actually Migrate Complex Systems in Infrastructure" offers a detailed guide on how to smoothly transition from one system to another in IT infrastructure. From avoiding common pitfalls to following the Strangler Fig Pattern, this post is packed with practical advice to ensure your migrations are less risky and less daunting.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://dmarcchecker.app/articles/crack-512-bit-dkim-rsa-key">Crack a 512-Bit DKIM Key for Less Than $8 in the Cloud</a></h3><pre><code><code>A team managed to crack a 512-bit DKIM key for less than $8! They extracted the private key from a public RSA key, which allowed them to sign emails as if they were the original sender. Despite being deprecated since 2018, they found over 1,700 public DKIM keys shorter than 1,024 bits on the top 1M websites. Find out how they did this and learn why emails signed with this compromised key passed the DKIM verification checks of some major email providers.</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://github.com/pimalaya/himalaya">himalaya</a></h3><pre><code><code>Manage your emails like a pro with Himalaya, a Command Line Interface (CLI) that's taking the tech world by storm! Check out the article to find out how this innovative tool is making email management more efficient and user-friendly.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/steel-dev/steel-browser">steel-browser</a></h3><pre><code><code>steel-browser offers an open-source browser API that streamlines the creation of AI-driven web agents and automation tools, featuring comprehensive browser control, session management, and anti-detection measures.</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1000" height="483" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3><a href="https://wyounas.github.io/concurrency/2024/12/12/how-concurrency-works-a-visual-guide/">How concurrency works: A visual guide</a></h3><pre><code>"Visualizing Concurrency: A Journey Through State Space" is a blog post that breaks down the complex concept of concurrent programming. Waqas Younas uses visual aids and practical examples to explain how to visualize the execution of a sequential program, move on to a concurrent one, and reason about the correctness of concurrent programs. This post serves as an invaluable resource for those looking to deepen their understanding of concurrent programming and model checking.</code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Arc Notes Weekly #88: Asha]]></title><description><![CDATA[This week, optimize AI VRAM usage with advanced quantization, explore Amazon&#8217;s new Aurora DSQL for scalable databases, and tackle the challenges of AI-assisted coding to build better software.]]></description><link>https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-88-asha</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://architecturenotes.co/p/arc-notes-weekly-88-asha</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mahdi Yusuf]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 08 Dec 2024 18:26:46 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EvqY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2e7df28-5a57-43fe-9c6a-9820ecbb8ed9_4756x2929.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EvqY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2e7df28-5a57-43fe-9c6a-9820ecbb8ed9_4756x2929.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EvqY!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2e7df28-5a57-43fe-9c6a-9820ecbb8ed9_4756x2929.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!EvqY!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2e7df28-5a57-43fe-9c6a-9820ecbb8ed9_4756x2929.heic 848w, 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stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This week, optimize AI model performance with cutting-edge VRAM quantization techniques, dive into Amazon&#8217;s Aurora DSQL and its potential to revolutionize distributed databases, and uncover the hidden challenges of AI-assisted coding to enhance your software development practices. </p><blockquote><p><strong>Sponsor Spotlight</strong>: Start selling to enterprises with a few lines of code. <a href="https://workos.com/?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q42024">WorkOS</a> is a modern identity platform for B2B SaaS, offering flexible, easy-to-use APIs to integrate SSO, SCIM, and FGA in minutes instead of months. It's used by hundreds of the fastest growing companies in the world like Cursor, Vercel, and Perplexity.</p></blockquote><p>Enjoy this week's round-up!</p><p>&#8212; Mahdi Yusuf (<a href="https://twitter.com/myusuf3">@myusuf3</a>) or <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/myusuf3/">LinkedIn</a></p><div class="pullquote"><p>&#128075;&#127998; You are reading <a href="https://architecturenotes.co/">Architecture Notes</a> - Your Sunday newsletter, which curates best system design and architecture news from around the web. We would appreciate you sharing it with like-minded people.</p></div><h2>Articles</h2><h3><a href="https://philbooth.me/blog/concurrency-diagrams">Concurrency Diagrams</a></h3><pre><code>Phil Booth discusses the importance of concurrency diagrams in system design, highlighting how they can prevent misunderstandings among engineering teams by making concurrency explicit. Learn how these simple yet effective diagrams can streamline your development process and ensure cohesive system architecture.</code></pre><h3><a href="https://blog.p6n.dev/p/is-aurora-dsql-huge">Is Aurora DSQL your next database?</a></h3><pre><code>Paul explores Amazon&#8217;s latest offering, Aurora DSQL, a serverless and globally distributed SQL database aimed at providing high availability and Postgres compatibility. While Aurora DSQL promises impressive scalability and performance, it currently lacks essential relational database features and is limited to just two US regions. More on this next week once I have time to dive into it. </code></pre><h3><a href="https://www.uber.com/en-IN/blog/introducing-the-prompt-engineering-toolkit/">Prompt Engineering Toolkit</a></h3><pre><code><code>Uber&#8217;s engineering team unveils the Prompt Engineering Toolkit, a centralized solution designed to streamline the creation, management, and evaluation of prompts for Large Language Models (LLMs). This toolkit empowers engineers to develop effective prompt templates with features like retrieval-augmented generation and runtime feature datasets, enhancing the efficiency and reliability of AI-driven applications at Uber.</code></code></pre><div><hr></div><h2><strong>Unlock Enterprise Revenue Without the Hassle</strong></h2><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic" width="1456" height="837" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:837,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:146757,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/heic&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qkiI!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe17a7ea1-767a-4434-9aed-7015d74dd6e0_2560x1472.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Single Sign-On, Directory Sync (SCIM), Audit Logs, Fine-Grained Authorization &#8212; these are essential features when selling to enterprises. The problem is that building and maintaining them requires significant resources and can result in over <a href="https://workos.com/blog/build-vs-buy-part-ii-roi-comparison-between-homegrown-and-pre-built-solutions/?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q42024">$8M in lost revenue</a>. </p><p><a href="https://workos.com/?utm_source=arcnotes&amp;utm_medium=newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=q42024">WorkOS</a> simplifies this process with easy-to-use APIs that help you integrate complex enterprise features into your app in minutes. It's the fastest way to go upmarket while allowing your engineers to focus on building the core product.</p><div><hr></div><h3><strong><a href="https://jvns.ca/blog/2024/11/29/why-pipes-get-stuck-buffering/">Why pipes sometimes get "stuck": buffering</a></strong></h3><pre><code><code>Julia Evans breaks down why terminal pipes can become unresponsive due to output buffering and offers actionable solutions to keep your command-line workflows running smoothly.</code></code></pre><h3></h3><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://architecturenotes.co/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Architecture Notes &#8212; System Design &amp;  Software Development is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><h3></h3><h3><a href="https://addyo.substack.com/p/the-70-problem-hard-truths-about">The 70% Problem: Hard Truths About AI-Assisted Coding</a></h3><pre><code><code>Addy Osmani explores the paradox of AI-assisted development, where engineers report increased productivity but the quality of software remains unchanged. He also addresses the challenges faced by junior developers and offers practical patterns to leverage AI effectively without compromising software quality.</code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://smcleod.net/2024/12/bringing-k/v-context-quantisation-to-ollama/">Bringing K/V Context Quantization to Ollama</a></h3><pre><code><code>Discusses the latest enhancement to Ollama: K/V context cache quantization, which significantly reduces VRAM usage, enabling the use of larger models and expanded context sizes on existing hardware. This advancement not only optimizes resource utilization but also maintains minimal quality impact, making it a game-changer for AI model deployment.</code></code></pre><h2>Projects</h2><h3><a href="https://github.com/abi/screenshot-to-code">screenshot-to-code</a></h3><pre><code><code>&#8220;screenshot-to-code&#8221; tool seamlessly converts screenshots, mockups, and Figma designs into clean, functional code using advanced AI models like GPT-4o and Claude Sonnet 3.5. </code></code></pre><h3><a href="https://github.com/steel-dev/steel-browser">steel-browser</a></h3><pre><code><code>steel-browser offers an open-source browser API that streamlines the creation of AI-driven web agents and automation tools, featuring comprehensive browser control, session management, and anti-detection measures.</code></code></pre><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png" width="1000" height="483" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:483,&quot;width&quot;:1000,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!wYPn!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd0f8bd98-bdb5-4338-85ce-86f11e5114e3_1000x483.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><h3><a href="https://everyuuid.com">Every UUID</a></h3><pre><code><code>Nolen Royalty addresses the daunting task of managing over five sextillion UUIDs by developing everyuuid.com, a site that lists and allows users to search through every UUID. He dives into the technical challenges of rendering an astronomically large number of UUIDs, ensuring a random yet consistent ordering using Feistel ciphers, and implementing efficient search functionality. </code></code></pre>]]></content:encoded></item></channel></rss>